Jeremiah 4:12 יִרְמְיָהוּ
Who acts: wind, I · What happens: come, utter · To what, where: judgments
This is Jeremiah 4:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — wind, I — and what happens in the verse to judgments, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
ר֧וּחַ מָלֵ֛א מֵאֵ֖לֶּה יָ֣בוֹא לִ֑י עַתָּ֕ה גַּם־אֲנִ֛י אֲדַבֵּ֥ר מִשְׁפָּטִ֖ים אוֹתָֽם׃
A wind too strong for this shall come for Me; now will I also utter judgments against them.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ר֧וּחַ | רוּחַ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 יָ֣בוֹא | nsubj | a wind |
| 2 | מָלֵ֛א | מָלֵא | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 1 ר֧וּחַ | amod | [too] full |
| 3 | מֵ | מִן | ADP | _ | 4 אֵ֖לֶּה | case | for |
| 4 | אֵ֖לֶּה | אֵלֶּה | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 2 מָלֵ֛א | nmod | these [things] |
| 5 | יָ֣בוֹא | בּוֹא | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | it will come |
| 6 | ל | לְ | ADP | _ | 7 ִ֑י | case | for |
| 7 | ִ֑י | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 יָ֣בוֹא | obl | me |
| 8 | עַתָּ֕ה | עַתָּה | ADV | _ | 11 אֲדַבֵּ֥ר | advmod | now |
| 9 | גַּם־ | גַּם | ADV | _ | 10 אֲנִ֛י | advmod | also |
| 10 | אֲנִ֛י | אֲנִי | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 11 אֲדַבֵּ֥ר | nsubj | I |
| 11 | אֲדַבֵּ֥ר | דָבַר | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=1 | 5 יָ֣בוֹא | parataxis | I will speak |
| 12 | מִשְׁפָּטִ֖ים | מִשְׁפָּט | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 11 אֲדַבֵּ֥ר | obj | judgments |
| 13 | אוֹת | אֵת | ADP | _ | 14 ָֽם | case | |
| 14 | ָֽם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 אֲדַבֵּ֥ר | obl | them |
| 15 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 14 ָֽם | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| יָבוֹא it will come | yiqtol · qal | רוּחַ a wind | |||
| אֲדַבֵּר I will speak | yiqtol · piel | אֲנִי I | מִשְׁפָּטִים judgments |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
עַל דִטְעוֹ בָּתַר נְבִיֵי שִׁקְרָא דְמִתְנַבָּן לְהוֹן בְּרוּחַ דִשְׁקַר בְּכֵן מַשִׁרְיַת עַמְמַיָא מֵאִלֵין קַלִילִין כְּרוּחָא יֵיתוּן עֲלֵיהוֹן כְּעַן אַף בְּמֵימְרִי אַיְתִינוּן וַאֲמַלֵיל פּוּרְעֲנוּת דִינִי מִנְהוֹן:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:92.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.4.12/