Jeremiah 44:12 יִרְמְיָהוּ

Who acts: I, remnant, hosts, sword · What happens: take, set, go, sojourn, consume, fall · To what, where: remnant, faces, land, hosts, least, execration

This is Jeremiah 44:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, remnant, hosts, sword — and what happens in the verse to remnant, faces, land, hosts, least, execration, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְלָקַחְתִּ֞י אֶת־שְׁאֵרִ֣ית יְהוּדָ֗ה אֲשֶׁר־שָׂ֨מוּ פְנֵיהֶ֜ם לָב֣וֹא אֶֽרֶץ־מִצְרַיִם֮ לָג֣וּר שָׁם֒ וְתַ֨מּוּ כֹ֜ל בְּאֶ֧רֶץ מִצְרַ֣יִם יִפֹּ֗לוּ בַּחֶ֤רֶב בָּֽרָעָב֙ יִתַּ֔מּוּ מִקָּטֹן֙ וְעַד־גָּד֔וֹל בַּחֶ֥רֶב וּבָרָעָ֖ב יָמֻ֑תוּ וְהָיוּ֙ לְאָלָ֣ה לְשַׁמָּ֔ה וְלִקְלָלָ֖ה וּלְחֶרְפָּֽה׃

And I will take the remnant of Judah, that have set their faces to go into the land of Egypt to sojourn there, and they shall all be consumed; in the land of Egypt shall they fall; they shall be consumed by the sword and by the famine; they shall die, from the least even unto the greatest, by the sword and by the famine; and they shall be an execration, and an astonishment, and a curse, and a reproach.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 לָקַחְתִּ֞י	cc	and
2	לָקַחְתִּ֞י	לָקַח	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	root	root	I will take away
3	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	4 שְׁאֵרִ֣ית	case	(et)
4	שְׁאֵרִ֣ית	שְׁאֵרִית	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 לָקַחְתִּ֞י	obj	the remnant
5	יְהוּדָ֗ה	יְהוּדָה	PROPN	_	4 שְׁאֵרִ֣ית	compound:smixut	of Judah
6	אֲשֶׁר־	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	7 שָׂ֨מוּ	mark	who
7	שָׂ֨מוּ	שׂים	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	4 שְׁאֵרִ֣ית	acl:relcl	they set
8	פְנֵי	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 שָׂ֨מוּ	obj	faces
9	הֶ֜ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 פְנֵי	nmod:poss	their
10	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	11 ב֣וֹא	case	to
11	ב֣וֹא	בּוֹא	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	7 שָׂ֨מוּ	advcl	go
12	אֶֽרֶץ־	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 ב֣וֹא	obl	the land
13	מִצְרַיִם֮	מִצְרַיִם	PROPN	_	12 אֶֽרֶץ־	compound:smixut	of Egypt
14	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	15 ג֣וּר	case	to
15	ג֣וּר	גּוּר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	11 ב֣וֹא	advcl	sojourn
16	שָׁם֒	שָׁם	ADV	_	15 ג֣וּר	advmod	there
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 תַ֨מּוּ	cc	and
18	תַ֨מּוּ	תָּמַם	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 לָקַחְתִּ֞י	conj	they will meet their end
19	כֹ֜ל	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 תַ֨מּוּ	nsubj	everyone
20	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	21 אֶ֧רֶץ	case	in
21	אֶ֧רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 יִפֹּ֗לוּ	obl	the land
22	מִצְרַ֣יִם	מִצְרַיִם	PROPN	_	21 אֶ֧רֶץ	compound:smixut	of Egypt
23	יִפֹּ֗לוּ	נָפַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 לָקַחְתִּ֞י	parataxis	they will fall
24	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	26 חֶ֤רֶב	case	by
25	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	26 חֶ֤רֶב	det	the
26	חֶ֤רֶב	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	30 יִתַּ֔מּוּ	obl	sword
27	בָּֽ	בְּ	ADP	_	29 רָעָב֙	case	by
28	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	29 רָעָב֙	det	(the)
29	רָעָב֙	רָעָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	26 חֶ֤רֶב	conj	famine
30	יִתַּ֔מּוּ	תָּמַם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 לָקַחְתִּ֞י	parataxis	they will meet their end
31	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	32 קָּטֹן֙	case	from [the]
32	קָּטֹן֙	קָטֹן	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	43 יָמֻ֑תוּ	obl	small
33	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	35 גָּד֔וֹל	cc	and
34	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	35 גָּד֔וֹל	case	unto
35	גָּד֔וֹל	גָּדוֹל	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	32 קָּטֹן֙	conj	[the] great
36	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	38 חֶ֥רֶב	case	by
37	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	38 חֶ֥רֶב	det	the
38	חֶ֥רֶב	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	43 יָמֻ֑תוּ	obl	sword
39	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	42 רָעָ֖ב	cc	and
40	בָ	בְּ	ADP	_	42 רָעָ֖ב	case	by
41	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	42 רָעָ֖ב	det	(the)
42	רָעָ֖ב	רָעָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	38 חֶ֥רֶב	conj	famine
43	יָמֻ֑תוּ	מוּת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 לָקַחְתִּ֞י	parataxis	they will die
44	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	47 אָלָ֣ה	cc	and
45	הָיוּ֙	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	47 אָלָ֣ה	cop	they will become
46	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	47 אָלָ֣ה	case	(into) an
47	אָלָ֣ה	אָלָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 לָקַחְתִּ֞י	conj	curse
48	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	49 שַׁמָּ֔ה	case	(into) a
49	שַׁמָּ֔ה	שַׁמָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	47 אָלָ֣ה	conj	horror
50	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	52 קְלָלָ֖ה	cc	and (into)
51	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	52 קְלָלָ֖ה	case	a
52	קְלָלָ֖ה	קְלָלָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	47 אָלָ֣ה	conj	curse
53	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	55 חֶרְפָּֽה	cc	and (into)
54	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	55 חֶרְפָּֽה	case	a
55	חֶרְפָּֽה	חֶרְפָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	47 אָלָ֣ה	conj	reproach
56	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	55 חֶרְפָּֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: promise
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
לָקַחְתִּי I will take away	weqatal · qal		שְׁאֵרִית the remnant
שָׂמוּ they set	qatal · qal	שְׁאֵרִית the remnant	פְנֵי faces
בוֹא go	infinitive construct · qal	שְׁאֵרִית the remnant
גוּר sojourn	infinitive construct · qal	שְׁאֵרִית the remnant
תַמּוּ they will meet their end	weqatal · qal	כֹל everyone
יִפֹּלוּ they will fall	yiqtol · qal	שְׁאֵרִית the remnant
יִתַּמּוּ they will meet their end	yiqtol · qal	שְׁאֵרִית the remnant
יָמֻתוּ they will die	yiqtol · qal	שְׁאֵרִית the remnant
הָיוּ they will become	weqatal · qal	שְׁאֵרִית the remnant

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְאֶסַב יַת שְׁאָרָא דְבֵית יְהוּדָה דְשַׁוִיאוּ אַפֵּיהוֹן לְמֵיעַל לְאַרְעָא דְמִצְרַיִם לְאִתּוֹתָבָא תַמָן וִיסוּפוּן כּוּלְהוֹן בְּאַרְעָא דְמִצְרַיִם יִתְרְמוּן בְּחַרְבָּא וּבְכַפְנָא יְסוּפוּן מִזְעֵירָא וְעַד רַבָּא בְּחַרְבָּא וּבְכַפְנָא יְמוּתוּן וִיהוֹן לְמוֹמֵי וּלְצָדוּ וְלִלְוָטָא וּלְחִסוּדִין:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And I will take the remnant of Judah, that have set their faces to go into the land of Egypt to sojourn there, and they shall all be consumed; in the land of Egypt shall they fall; they shall be consumed by the sword and by the famine; they shall die, from the least even unto the greatest, by the sword and by the famine; and they shall be an execration, and an astonishment, and a curse, and a reproach.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:1074.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.44.12/