Jeremiah 44:23 יִרְמְיָהוּ

Who acts: ye, LORD · What happens: offer, sin, not hearken, walk, happen, testify · To what, where: law, evil

This is Jeremiah 44:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye, LORD — and what happens in the verse to law, evil, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

מִפְּנֵי֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר קִטַּרְתֶּ֜ם וַאֲשֶׁ֧ר חֲטָאתֶ֣ם לַיהוָ֗ה וְלֹ֤א שְׁמַעְתֶּם֙ בְּק֣וֹל יְהוָ֔ה וּבְתֹרָת֧וֹ וּבְחֻקֹּתָ֛יו וּבְעֵדְוֺתָ֖יו לֹ֣א הֲלַכְתֶּ֑ם עַל־כֵּ֞ן קָרָ֥את אֶתְכֶ֛ם הָרָעָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את כַּיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ס

Because ye have offered, and because ye have sinned against the LORD, and have not hearkened to the voice of the LORD, nor walked in His law, nor in His statutes, nor in His testimonies; therefore this evil is happened unto you, as at this day.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	2 פְּנֵי֩	case	because
2	פְּנֵי֩	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	אֲשֶׁ֨ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	4 קִטַּרְתֶּ֜ם	mark	that
4	קִטַּרְתֶּ֜ם	קָטַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=2	2 פְּנֵי֩	acl:relcl	you made smoke
5	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 חֲטָאתֶ֣ם	cc	and
6	אֲשֶׁ֧ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	7 חֲטָאתֶ֣ם	mark	that
7	חֲטָאתֶ֣ם	חָטָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	4 קִטַּרְתֶּ֜ם	conj	you had sinned
8	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	9 יהוָ֗ה	case	to
9	יהוָ֗ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	7 חֲטָאתֶ֣ם	obl	Yahweh
10	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 שְׁמַעְתֶּם֙	cc	and
11	לֹ֤א	לֹא	ADV	_	12 שְׁמַעְתֶּם֙	advmod	not
12	שְׁמַעְתֶּם֙	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	7 חֲטָאתֶ֣ם	conj	you listened
13	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	14 ק֣וֹל	case	to
14	ק֣וֹל	קוֹל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 שְׁמַעְתֶּם֙	obl	the voice
15	יְהוָ֔ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	14 ק֣וֹל	compound:smixut	of Yahweh
16	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	29 הֲלַכְתֶּ֑ם	cc	and
17	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	18 תֹרָת	case	in
18	תֹרָת	תּוֹרָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	29 הֲלַכְתֶּ֑ם	obl	law
19	֧וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 תֹרָת	nmod:poss	his
20	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	22 חֻקֹּתָ֛י	cc	and
21	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	22 חֻקֹּתָ֛י	case	in
22	חֻקֹּתָ֛י	חֻקָּה	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 תֹרָת	conj	decrees
23	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 חֻקֹּתָ֛י	nmod:poss	his
24	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 עֵדְוֺתָ֖י	cc	and
25	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	26 עֵדְוֺתָ֖י	case	in
26	עֵדְוֺתָ֖י	עֵדוּת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	18 תֹרָת	conj	testimonies
27	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 עֵדְוֺתָ֖י	nmod:poss	his
28	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	29 הֲלַכְתֶּ֑ם	advmod	not
29	הֲלַכְתֶּ֑ם	הָלַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	7 חֲטָאתֶ֣ם	conj	you walked
30	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	31 כֵּ֞ן	case	therefore
31	כֵּ֞ן	כֵּן	ADV	_	2 פְּנֵי֩	conj
32	קָרָ֥את	קָרָא	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 פְּנֵי֩	parataxis	it has happened to
33	אֶת	אֵת	ADP	_	34 ְכֶ֛ם	case
34	ְכֶ֛ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	32 קָרָ֥את	obj	you
35	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	36 רָעָ֥ה	det	the
36	רָעָ֥ה	רָעָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	32 קָרָ֥את	nsubj	calamity
37	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	38 זֹּ֖את	det	(the)
38	זֹּ֖את	זֹאת	DET	Gender=Fem Number=Sing PronType=Dem	36 רָעָ֥ה	det	this
39	כַּ	כְּ	ADP	_	41 יּ֥וֹם	case	as
40	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	41 יּ֥וֹם	det	the
41	יּ֥וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	32 קָרָ֥את	obl	day
42	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	43 זֶּֽה	det	(the)
43	זֶּֽה	זֶה	DET	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	41 יּ֥וֹם	det	this
44	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	43 זֶּֽה	punct
45	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	43 זֶּֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
קִטַּרְתֶּם you made smoke	qatal · piel
חֲטָאתֶם you had sinned	qatal · qal
not שְׁמַעְתֶּם you listened	qatal · qal
not הֲלַכְתֶּם you walked	qatal · qal
קָרָאת it has happened to	qatal · qal	רָעָה calamity	ְכֶם you

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

מִן קֳדָם דְאַסֵיקְתּוּן בּוּסְמִין וּדְחַבְתּוּן קֳדָם יְיָ וְלָא קַבֵּילְתּוּן לְמֵימְרָא דַייָ וּבְאוֹרַיְתֵיהּ וּבִקְיָמוֹהִי וּבְסָהִדְוָתֵיהּ לָא הֲלֵיכְתּוּן עַל כֵּן עַרְעַת יַתְכוֹן בִּישְׁתָא הָדָא כְּיוֹמָא הָדֵין:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Because ye have offered, and because ye have sinned against the LORD, and have not hearkened to the voice of the LORD, nor walked in His law, nor in His statutes, nor in His testimonies; therefore this evil is happened unto you, as at this day.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:1085.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.44.23/