Jeremiah 44:22 יִרְמְיָהוּ

Who acts: LORD, ye, land · What happens: bear, commit, become · To what, where: abominations, desolation

This is Jeremiah 44:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, ye, land — and what happens in the verse to abominations, desolation, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְלֹֽא־יוּכַל֩ יְהוָ֨ה ע֜וֹד לָשֵׂ֗את מִפְּנֵי֙ רֹ֣עַ מַעַלְלֵיכֶ֔ם מִפְּנֵ֥י הַתּוֹעֵבֹ֖ת אֲשֶׁ֣ר עֲשִׂיתֶ֑ם וַתְּהִ֣י אַ֠רְצְכֶם לְחָרְבָּ֨ה וּלְשַׁמָּ֧ה וְלִקְלָלָ֛ה מֵאֵ֥ין יוֹשֵׁ֖ב כְּהַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃

So that the LORD could no longer bear, because of the evil of your doings, and because of the abominations which ye have committed; therefore is your land become a desolation, and an astonishment, and a curse, without an inhabitant, as at this day.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	3 יוּכַל֩	cc	and
2	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	3 יוּכַל֩	advmod	not
3	יוּכַל֩	יָכֹל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he was able
4	יְהוָ֨ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	3 יוּכַל֩	nsubj	Yahweh
5	ע֜וֹד	עוֹד	ADV	_	3 יוּכַל֩	advmod	still
6	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	7 שֵׂ֗את	case	to
7	שֵׂ֗את	נָשָׂא	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	3 יוּכַל֩	xcomp	endure
8	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	9 פְּנֵי֙	case	because
9	פְּנֵי֙	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 יוּכַל֩	obl	of
10	רֹ֣עַ	רֹעַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 פְּנֵי֙	compound:smixut	the wickedness
11	מַעַלְלֵי	מַעֲלָל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	10 רֹ֣עַ	compound:smixut	your deeds
12	כֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	11 מַעַלְלֵי	nmod:poss	your
13	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	14 פְּנֵ֥י	case	because
14	פְּנֵ֥י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 פְּנֵי֙	conj	of
15	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 תּוֹעֵבֹ֖ת	det	the
16	תּוֹעֵבֹ֖ת	תּוֹעֵבַה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	14 פְּנֵ֥י	compound:smixut	abominations
17	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	18 עֲשִׂיתֶ֑ם	mark	which
18	עֲשִׂיתֶ֑ם	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	16 תּוֹעֵבֹ֖ת	acl:relcl	you did
19	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 תְּהִ֣י	cc	and
20	תְּהִ֣י	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 יוּכַל֩	conj	it has become
21	אַ֠רְצ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 תְּהִ֣י	nsubj	land
22	ְכֶם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	21 אַ֠רְצ	nmod:poss	your
23	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	24 חָרְבָּ֨ה	case	(into) a
24	חָרְבָּ֨ה	חׇרְבָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	20 תְּהִ֣י	obl	desolation
25	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	27 שַׁמָּ֧ה	cc	and (into)
26	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	27 שַׁמָּ֧ה	case	a
27	שַׁמָּ֧ה	שַׁמָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	24 חָרְבָּ֨ה	conj	waste
28	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	30 קְלָלָ֛ה	cc	and (into)
29	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	30 קְלָלָ֛ה	case	a
30	קְלָלָ֛ה	קְלָלָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	24 חָרְבָּ֨ה	conj	curse
31	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	32 אֵ֥ין	case	from
32	אֵ֥ין	אַיִן	ADV	_	20 תְּהִ֣י	obl	not
33	יוֹשֵׁ֖ב	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	32 אֵ֥ין	nsubj	an inhabitant
34	כְּ	כְּ	ADP	_	36 יּ֥וֹם	case	as
35	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	36 יּ֥וֹם	det	the
36	יּ֥וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 תְּהִ֣י	obl	day
37	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	38 זֶּֽה	det	(the)
38	זֶּֽה	זֶה	DET	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	36 יּ֥וֹם	det	this
39	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	38 זֶּֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
not יוּכַל he was able	yiqtol · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh
שֵׂאת endure	infinitive construct · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh
עֲשִׂיתֶם you did	qatal · qal		תּוֹעֵבֹת abominations
not תְּהִי it has become	wayyiqtol · qal	אַרְצ land

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְלָא הֲוַת רַעֲוָא קֳדָם יְיָ עוֹד דְלָא לְמִשְׁבַּק מִן קֳדָם בִישׁוּת עוֹבָדֵיכוֹן מִן קֳדָם תּוֹעֵבְתָּא דַעֲבַדְתּוּן וַהֲוַת אַרְעֲכוֹן לְחוּרְבָּא וּלְצָדוּ וְלִלְוָטָא מִבְּלִי יָתֵיב כְּיוֹמָא הָדֵין:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

So that the LORD could no longer bear, because of the evil of your doings, and because of the abominations which ye have committed; therefore is your land become a desolation, and an astonishment, and a curse, without an inhabitant, as at this day.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:1084.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.44.22/