Jeremiah 44:27 יִרְמְיָהוּ

Who acts: I, men, sword, end · What happens: watch, be, consume · To what, where: land, men

This is Jeremiah 44:27 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, men, sword, end — and what happens in the verse to land, men, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

הִנְנִ֨י שֹׁקֵ֧ד עֲלֵיהֶ֛ם לְרָעָ֖ה וְלֹ֣א לְטוֹבָ֑ה וְתַמּוּ֩ כָל־אִ֨ישׁ יְהוּדָ֜ה אֲשֶׁ֧ר בְּאֶֽרֶץ־מִצְרַ֛יִם בַּחֶ֥רֶב וּבָרָעָ֖ב עַד־כְּלוֹתָֽם׃

Behold, I watch over them for evil, and not for good; and all the men of Judah that are in the land of Egypt shall be consumed by the sword and by the famine, until there be an end of them.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	הִנ	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	3 שֹׁקֵ֧ד	nsubj	here
2	ְנִ֨י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	1 הִנ	nsubj	I
3	שֹׁקֵ֧ד	שָׁקַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	root	root	[am] keeping watch
4	עֲלֵי	עַל	ADP	_	5 הֶ֛ם	case	over
5	הֶ֛ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 שֹׁקֵ֧ד	obl	them
6	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	7 רָעָ֖ה	case	for
7	רָעָ֖ה	רָעָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	3 שֹׁקֵ֧ד	obl	harm
8	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 לֹ֣א	cc	and
9	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	3 שֹׁקֵ֧ד	conj	not
10	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	11 טוֹבָ֑ה	case	for
11	טוֹבָ֑ה	טוֹבָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	9 לֹ֣א	obl	good
12	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 תַמּוּ֩	cc	and
13	תַמּוּ֩	תָּמַם	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	3 שֹׁקֵ֧ד	conj	they will meet their end
14	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 תַמּוּ֩	nsubj	every
15	אִ֨ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 כָל־	compound:smixut	person
16	יְהוּדָ֜ה	יְהוּדָה	PROPN	_	15 אִ֨ישׁ	compound:smixut	of Judah
17	אֲשֶׁ֧ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	19 אֶֽרֶץ־	mark	who
18	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	19 אֶֽרֶץ־	case	[is] in
19	אֶֽרֶץ־	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 כָל־	acl:relcl	the land
20	מִצְרַ֛יִם	מִצְרַיִם	PROPN	_	19 אֶֽרֶץ־	compound:smixut	of Egypt
21	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	23 חֶ֥רֶב	case	by
22	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	23 חֶ֥רֶב	det	the
23	חֶ֥רֶב	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	13 תַמּוּ֩	obl	sword
24	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	27 רָעָ֖ב	cc	and
25	בָ	בְּ	ADP	_	27 רָעָ֖ב	case	by
26	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	27 רָעָ֖ב	det	(the)
27	רָעָ֖ב	רָעָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 חֶ֥רֶב	conj	famine
28	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	29 כְּלוֹת	case	until
29	כְּלוֹת	כָּלָה	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	13 תַמּוּ֩	advcl	they
30	ָֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	29 כְּלוֹת	nsubj	come to an end
31	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	30 ָֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
not שֹׁקֵד [am] keeping watch	participle active · qal	ְנִי I
תַמּוּ they will meet their end	weqatal · qal	אִישׁ person
כְּלוֹת they	infinitive construct · qal	ָֽם come to an end

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

הָא אֲנָא מַסְעַר עֲלֵיהוֹן לְבִישָׁא וְלָא לְטָבָא וִיסוּפוּן כָּל אֱנַשׁ יְהוּדָה דִי בְאַרְעָא דְמִצְרַיִם בְּחַרְבָּא וּבְכַפְנָא עַד דְיִשְׁתֵּיצוּן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Behold, I watch over them for evil, and not for good; and all the men of Judah that are in the land of Egypt shall be consumed by the sword and by the famine, until there be an end of them.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:1089.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.44.27/