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home / corpora / Tanakh / Nevi'im / Jeremiah / chapter 46 / 46:8

Jeremiah 46:8 יִרְמְיָהוּ

Who acts: Egypt, Nile, waters, I · What happens: be, rise up, toss, say, cover, destroy · To what, where: waters, earth, city · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Jeremiah 46:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Egypt, Nile, waters, I — and what happens in the verse to waters, earth, city, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ כַּיְאֹ֣ר יַֽעֲלֶ֔ה וְכַנְּהָר֖וֹת יִתְגֹּ֣עֲשׁוּ מָ֑יִם וַיֹּ֗אמֶר אַֽעֲלֶה֙ אֲכַסֶּה־אֶ֔רֶץ אֹבִ֥ידָה עִ֖יר וְיֹ֥שְׁבֵי בָֽהּ׃

Egypt is like the Nile that riseth up, and like the rivers whose waters toss themselves; and he saith: 'I will rise up, I will cover the earth, I will destroy the city and the inhabitants thereof.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

nsubjcasedetoblcccasedetoblconjnsubjccconjccompparataxisobjparataxisobjccconjcaseoblpunctrootמִצְרַיִםPROPNEgyptכַּADPlikeהDETtheיְאֹרPROPNRiverיַֽעֲלֶהVERBit risesוְCCONJandכַADPlikeהDET(the)נְּהָרוֹתNOUNriversיִתְגֹּעֲשׁוּVERBthey surgeמָיִםNOUNwatersוַCCONJandיֹּאמֶרVERBit has saidאַֽעֲלֶהVERBI will riseאֲכַסֶּה־VERBI will coverאֶרֶץNOUN[the] earthאֹבִידָהVERBI will destroyעִירNOUNa cityוְCCONJand [the]יֹשְׁבֵיVERBinhabitantsבADPinָֽהּPRONit׃PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelationgloss
1מִצְרַ֙יִם֙מִצְרַיִםPROPN_5 יַֽעֲלֶ֔הnsubjEgypt
2כַּכְּADP_4 יְאֹ֣רcaselike
3ההַDETPronType=Art4 יְאֹ֣רdetthe
4יְאֹ֣ריְאֹרPROPN_5 יַֽעֲלֶ֔הoblRiver
5יַֽעֲלֶ֔העָלָהVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3rootrootit rises
6וְוְCCONJ_10 יִתְגֹּ֣עֲשׁוּccand
7כַכְּADP_9 נְּהָר֖וֹתcaselike
8ההַDETPronType=Art9 נְּהָר֖וֹתdet(the)
9נְּהָר֖וֹתנָהָרNOUNGender=Masc Number=Plur10 יִתְגֹּ֣עֲשׁוּoblrivers
10יִתְגֹּ֣עֲשׁוּגָּעַשׁVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPOLEL Number=Plur Person=35 יַֽעֲלֶ֔הconjthey surge
11מָ֑יִםמַיִםNOUNGender=Masc Number=Plur10 יִתְגֹּ֣עֲשׁוּnsubjwaters
12וַוְCCONJ_13 יֹּ֗אמֶרccand
13יֹּ֗אמֶראָמַרVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=35 יַֽעֲלֶ֔הconjit has said
14אַֽעֲלֶה֙עָלָהVERBGender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=113 יֹּ֗אמֶרccompI will rise
15אֲכַסֶּה־כָּסָהVERBGender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=114 אַֽעֲלֶה֙parataxisI will cover
16אֶ֔רֶץאֶרֶץNOUNNumber=Sing15 אֲכַסֶּה־obj[the] earth
17אֹבִ֥ידָהאָבַדVERBGender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=114 אַֽעֲלֶה֙parataxisI will destroy
18עִ֖ירעִירNOUNGender=Fem Number=Sing17 אֹבִ֥ידָהobja city
19וְוְCCONJ_20 יֹ֥שְׁבֵיccand [the]
20יֹ֥שְׁבֵייָשַׁבVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur18 עִ֖ירconjinhabitants
21בבְּADP_22 ָֽהּcasein
22ָֽהּהוּאPRONGender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs20 יֹ֥שְׁבֵיoblit
23׃׃PUNCT_22 ָֽהּpunct

Pragmatics

form
statement
act
promise
voice
character
speech
a frame and its quote
negation
no
the frame alone
decl · assert · none
verbform · stemwho (A0)what, whom (A1)to whom, further (A2)who makes it happen (AA)
יַֽעֲלֶה it risesyiqtol · qalמִצְרַיִם Egypt
יִתְגֹּעֲשׁוּ they surgeyiqtol · hithpolelמָיִם waters
יֹּאמֶר it has saidwayyiqtol · qalמִצְרַיִם Egypt
אַֽעֲלֶה I will riseyiqtol · qalמִצְרַיִם Egypt
אֲכַסֶּה־ I will coveryiqtol · pielמִצְרַיִם Egyptאֶרֶץ [the] earth
אֹבִידָה I will destroycohortative · hiphilעִיר a city + יֹשְׁבֵי inhabitantsמִצְרַיִם Egypt

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

מַלְכָּא דְמִצְרַיִם דִסְלֵיק בְּמַשִׁרְיָתֵיהּ כַּעֲנָנָא דְסָלֵיק חָפֵי יַת אַרְעָא כְּמַבּוּעֵי דְמַיִין דִמְטָרְפִין מוֹהִי וַאֲמַר אֱסַק אֲחַפֵּי אַרְעָא וּמְלוֹאָהּ אוֹבִיד קִרְוַיָא וּדְיַתְבִין בְּהוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

  1. Egypt is like the Nile that riseth up, and like the rivers whose waters toss themselves; and he saith: 'I will rise up, I will cover the earth, I will destroy the city and the inhabitants thereof.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:1105.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.46.8/