Jeremiah 48:1 יִרְמְיָהוּ

Who acts: LORD · What happens: say, spoil, put, take, dismay · To what, where: it, Kiriathaim, Misgab · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Jeremiah 48:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD — and what happens in the verse to it, Kiriathaim, Misgab, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

לְמוֹאָ֡ב כֹּֽה־אָמַר֩ יְהוָ֨ה צְבָא֜וֹת אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל ה֤וֹי אֶל־נְבוֹ֙ כִּ֣י שֻׁדָּ֔דָה הֹבִ֥ישָׁה נִלְכְּדָ֖ה קִרְיָתָ֑יִם הֹבִ֥ישָׁה הַמִּשְׂגָּ֖ב וָחָֽתָּה׃

Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Woe unto Nebo! for it is spoiled; Kiriathaim is put to shame, it is taken; Misgab is put to shame and dismayed.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	2 מוֹאָ֡ב	case	of
2	מוֹאָ֡ב	מוֹאָב	PROPN	_	4 אָמַר֩	obl	Moab
3	כֹּֽה־	כֹּה	ADV	_	4 אָמַר֩	advmod	thus
4	אָמַר֩	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he says
5	יְהוָ֨ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	4 אָמַר֩	nsubj	Yahweh
6	צְבָא֜וֹת	צָבָא	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 יְהוָ֨ה	compound:smixut	of hosts
7	אֱלֹהֵ֣י	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	5 יְהוָ֨ה	appos	the God
8	יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	7 אֱלֹהֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Israel
9	ה֤וֹי	הוֹי	INTJ	_	11 נְבוֹ֙	nsubj	woe!
10	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	11 נְבוֹ֙	case	to
11	נְבוֹ֙	נְבוֹ	PROPN	_	4 אָמַר֩	ccomp	Nebo
12	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	13 שֻׁדָּ֔דָה	mark	(dm)
13	שֻׁדָּ֔דָה	שָׁדַד	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=PUAL Number=Sing Person=3	11 נְבוֹ֙	advcl	it will be devastated
14	הֹבִ֥ישָׁה	יָבֵשׁ	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	11 נְבוֹ֙	parataxis	it will be put to shame
15	נִלְכְּדָ֖ה	לָכַד	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	14 הֹבִ֥ישָׁה	parataxis	it will be captured
16	קִרְיָתָ֑יִם	קִרְיָתַיִם	PROPN	_	15 נִלְכְּדָ֖ה	nsubj	Kiriathaim
17	הֹבִ֥ישָׁה	יָבֵשׁ	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	11 נְבוֹ֙	parataxis	it will be put to shame
18	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	19 מִּשְׂגָּ֖ב	det	the
19	מִּשְׂגָּ֖ב	מִשְׂגָּב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 הֹבִ֥ישָׁה	nsubj	stronghold
20	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 חָֽתָּה	cc	and
21	חָֽתָּה	חָתַת	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	17 הֹבִ֥ישָׁה	conj	it will be shattered
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	21 חָֽתָּה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
אָמַר he says	qatal · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh
שֻׁדָּדָה it will be devastated	qatal · pual		נְבוֹ Nebo
הֹבִישָׁה it will be put to shame	qatal · hiphil	קִרְיָתָיִם Kiriathaim
נִלְכְּדָה it will be captured	qatal · niphal		קִרְיָתָיִם Kiriathaim
הֹבִישָׁה it will be put to shame	qatal · hiphil	מִּשְׂגָּב stronghold
חָֽתָּה it will be shattered	qatal · qal	מִּשְׂגָּב stronghold

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

לְמוֹאָב כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ צְבָאוֹת אֱלָהָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל וַי עַל נְבוֹ אֲרֵי אִתְבְּזִיזַת בְּהִיתַת אִתְכְּבִישַׁת קִרְיָתַיִם בְּהִיתוּ מִבֵּית רוֹחֲצָנְהוֹן וְאִתְּבָרוּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Woe unto Nebo! for it is spoiled; Kiriathaim is put to shame, it is taken; Misgab is put to shame and dismayed.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:1133.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.48.1/