Jeremiah 48:2 יִרְמְיָהוּ
Who acts: praise, hosts, us, sword · What happens: not be, devise, come, let, cut off, be · To what, where: evil, Heshbon, us, nation, Thou, silence
This is Jeremiah 48:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — praise, hosts, us, sword — and what happens in the verse to evil, Heshbon, us, nation, Thou, silence, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
אֵ֣ין עוֹד֮ תְּהִלַּ֣ת מוֹאָב֒ בְּחֶשְׁבּ֗וֹן חָשְׁב֤וּ עָלֶ֙יהָ֙ רָעָ֔ה לְכ֖וּ וְנַכְרִיתֶ֣נָּה מִגּ֑וֹי גַּם־מַדְמֵ֣ן תִּדֹּ֔מִּי אַחֲרַ֖יִךְ תֵּ֥לֶךְ חָֽרֶב׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | אֵ֣ין | אַיִן | ADV | _ | root | root | not |
| 2 | עוֹד֮ | עוֹד | ADV | _ | 1 אֵ֣ין | advmod | [will be] again |
| 3 | תְּהִלַּ֣ת | תְּהִלָּה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 1 אֵ֣ין | nsubj | the praise |
| 4 | מוֹאָב֒ | מוֹאָב | PROPN | _ | 3 תְּהִלַּ֣ת | compound:smixut | of Moab |
| 5 | בְּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 6 חֶשְׁבּ֗וֹן | case | in |
| 6 | חֶשְׁבּ֗וֹן | חֶשְׁבּוֹן | PROPN | _ | 7 חָשְׁב֤וּ | obl | Heshbon |
| 7 | חָשְׁב֤וּ | חָשַׁב | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 1 אֵ֣ין | parataxis | people have planned |
| 8 | עָלֶ֙י | עַל | ADP | _ | 9 הָ֙ | case | on |
| 9 | הָ֙ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 חָשְׁב֤וּ | obl | it |
| 10 | רָעָ֔ה | רָעָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 7 חָשְׁב֤וּ | obj | calamity |
| 11 | לְכ֖וּ | הלך | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2 | 1 אֵ֣ין | parataxis | come |
| 12 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 13 נַכְרִית | cc | and |
| 13 | נַכְרִית | כָּרַת | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=1 | 1 אֵ֣ין | conj | let |
| 14 | ֶ֣נָּה | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 נַכְרִית | obj | us cut it off |
| 15 | מִ | מִן | ADP | _ | 16 גּ֑וֹי | case | from |
| 16 | גּ֑וֹי | גּוֹי | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 13 נַכְרִית | obl | a nation |
| 17 | גַּם־ | גַּם | ADV | _ | 18 מַדְמֵ֣ן | advmod | also |
| 18 | מַדְמֵ֣ן | מַדְמֵן | PROPN | _ | 19 תִּדֹּ֔מִּי | dislocated | O Madmen |
| 19 | תִּדֹּ֔מִּי | דָּמַם | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2 | 1 אֵ֣ין | parataxis | you will be silent |
| 20 | אַחֲרַ֖י | אַחַר | ADP | _ | 21 ִךְ | case | after |
| 21 | ִךְ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs | 22 תֵּ֥לֶךְ | obl | you |
| 22 | תֵּ֥לֶךְ | הלך | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 1 אֵ֣ין | parataxis | it will go |
| 23 | חָֽרֶב | חֶרֶב | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 22 תֵּ֥לֶךְ | nsubj | [the] sword |
| 24 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 23 חָֽרֶב | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- yes
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| חָשְׁבוּ people have planned | qatal · qal | רָעָה calamity | |||
| לְכוּ come | imperative · qal | ||||
| נַכְרִית let | cohortative · hiphil | ֶנָּה us cut it off | |||
| תִּדֹּמִּי you will be silent | yiqtol · qal | מַדְמֵן O Madmen | |||
| תֵּלֶךְ it will go | yiqtol · qal | חָֽרֶב [the] sword |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
לֵית עוֹד תּוּשְׁבְּחָא לְמוֹאָב בְּחֶשְׁבּוֹן חֲשִׁיבוּ עֲלָהּ בִּישָׁא אֲתוֹ וּנְשֵׁיצִינָא מִלְמֶהֱוֵי עַמָא אַף מַדְמַן תִּתַּבָּרִין בַּתְרָךְ יְהָכוּן קְטוֹלֵי חַרְבָּא:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:1134.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.48.2/