Joshua 10:12 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: Joshua, LORD, thou · What happens: speak, deliver up, say, stand, sight · To what, where: Amorites, sight, Gibeon, Israel · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Joshua 10:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joshua, LORD, thou — and what happens in the verse to Amorites, sight, Gibeon, Israel, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

אָ֣ז יְדַבֵּ֤ר יְהוֹשֻׁעַ֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה בְּי֗וֹם תֵּ֤ת יְהוָה֙ אֶת־הָ֣אֱמֹרִ֔י לִפְנֵ֖י בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ׀ לְעֵינֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל שֶׁ֚מֶשׁ בְּגִבְע֣וֹן דּ֔וֹם וְיָרֵ֖חַ בְּעֵ֥מֶק אַיָּלֽוֹן׃

Then spoke Joshua to the LORD in the day when the LORD delivered up the Amorites before the children of Israel; and he said in the sight of Israel: 'Sun, stand thou still upon Gibeon; and thou, Moon, in the valley of Aijalon.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	אָ֣ז	אָז	ADV	_	2 יְדַבֵּ֤ר	advmod	then
2	יְדַבֵּ֤ר	דָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he spoke
3	יְהוֹשֻׁעַ֙	יְהֹושֻׁעַ	PROPN	_	2 יְדַבֵּ֤ר	nsubj	Joshua
4	לַֽ	לְ	ADP	_	5 יהוָ֔ה	case	to
5	יהוָ֔ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	2 יְדַבֵּ֤ר	obl	Yahweh
6	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	7 י֗וֹם	case	on
7	י֗וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יְדַבֵּ֤ר	obl	the day
8	תֵּ֤ת	נָתַן	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	7 י֗וֹם	acl	delivered up
9	יְהוָה֙	יהוה	PROPN	_	8 תֵּ֤ת	nsubj	Yahweh
10	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	12 אֱמֹרִ֔י	case	(et)
11	הָ֣	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 אֱמֹרִ֔י	det	the
12	אֱמֹרִ֔י	אֱמֹרִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 תֵּ֤ת	obj	Amorite[s]
13	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	14 פְנֵ֖י	case	before
14	פְנֵ֖י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 תֵּ֤ת	obl
15	בְּנֵ֣י	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	14 פְנֵ֖י	compound:smixut	the people
16	יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	15 בְּנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Israel
17	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 יֹּ֣אמֶר	cc	and
18	יֹּ֣אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְדַבֵּ֤ר	conj	he said
19	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	18 יֹּ֣אמֶר	punct
20	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	21 עֵינֵ֣י	case	to
21	עֵינֵ֣י	עַיִן	NOUN	Number=Dual	18 יֹּ֣אמֶר	obl	the eyes
22	יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	21 עֵינֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Israel
23	שֶׁ֚מֶשׁ	שֶׁמֶשׁ	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 יֹּ֣אמֶר	ccomp	O sun
24	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	25 גִבְע֣וֹן	case	at
25	גִבְע֣וֹן	גִּבְעוֹן	PROPN	_	26 דּ֔וֹם	obl	Gibeon
26	דּ֔וֹם	דָּמַם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	23 שֶׁ֚מֶשׁ	parataxis	be still
27	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 יָרֵ֖חַ	cc	and
28	יָרֵ֖חַ	יָרֵחַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 שֶׁ֚מֶשׁ	conj	O moon
29	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	30 עֵ֥מֶק	case	in
30	עֵ֥מֶק	עֵמֶק	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 שֶׁ֚מֶשׁ	parataxis	the valley
31	אַיָּלֽוֹן	אַיָּלוֹן	PROPN	_	30 עֵ֥מֶק	compound:smixut	Aijalon
32	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	31 אַיָּלֽוֹן	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יְדַבֵּר he spoke	yiqtol · piel	יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Joshua
תֵּת delivered up	infinitive construct · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh	אֱמֹרִי Amorite[s]
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Joshua
דּוֹם be still	imperative · qal	שֶׁמֶשׁ O sun

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

בְּכֵן שַׁבַּח יְהוֹשֻׁעַ קֳדָם יְיָ בְּיוֹמָא דִמְסַר יְיָ יַת אֱמוֹרָאָה קֳדָם בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וַאֲמַר לְעֵינֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל שִׁמְשָׁא בְּגִבְעוֹן אוֹרִיךְ וְסִיהֲרָא בְּמֵישַׁר אַיָלוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Then spoke Joshua to the LORD in the day when the LORD delivered up the Amorites before the children of Israel; and he said in the sight of Israel: 'Sun, stand thou still upon Gibeon; and thou, Moon, in the valley of Aijalon.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:224.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.10.12/