Joshua 10:6 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: men, Amorites · What happens: send, say, not slack, come up, save, help · To what, where: camp, hands, servants, us, hill country, kings · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Joshua 10:6 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, Amorites — and what happens in the verse to camp, hands, servants, us, hill country, kings, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּשְׁלְח֣וּ אַנְשֵׁי֩ גִבְע֨וֹן אֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁ֤עַ אֶל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶה֙ הַגִּלְגָּ֣לָה לֵאמֹ֔ר אַל־תֶּ֥רֶף יָדֶ֖יךָ מֵֽעֲבָדֶ֑יךָ עֲלֵ֧ה אֵלֵ֣ינוּ מְהֵרָ֗ה וְהוֹשִׁ֤יעָה לָּ֙נוּ֙ וְעָזְרֵ֔נוּ כִּ֚י נִקְבְּצ֣וּ אֵלֵ֔ינוּ כָּל־מַלְכֵ֥י הָאֱמֹרִ֖י יֹשְׁבֵ֥י הָהָֽר׃

And the men of Gibeon sent unto Joshua to the camp to Gilgal, saying: 'Slack not thy hands from thy servants; come up to us quickly, and save us, and help us; for all the kings of the Amorites that dwell in the hill-country are gathered together against us.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּשְׁלְח֣וּ	cc	and
2	יִּשְׁלְח֣וּ	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they sent
3	אַנְשֵׁי֩	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יִּשְׁלְח֣וּ	nsubj	the men
4	גִבְע֨וֹן	גִּבְעוֹן	PROPN	_	3 אַנְשֵׁי֩	compound:smixut	of Gibeon
5	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	6 יְהוֹשֻׁ֤עַ	case	to
6	יְהוֹשֻׁ֤עַ	יְהֹושֻׁעַ	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁלְח֣וּ	obl	Joshua
7	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	9 מַּחֲנֶה֙	case	to
8	הַֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 מַּחֲנֶה֙	det	the
9	מַּחֲנֶה֙	מַחֲנֶה	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 יִּשְׁלְח֣וּ	obl	camp
10	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 גִּלְגָּ֣ל	det	to
11	גִּלְגָּ֣ל	גִּלְגָּל	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁלְח֣וּ	obl	(the)
12	ָה	ה	X	_	11 גִּלְגָּ֣ל	nmod	Gilgal
13	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	16 תֶּ֥רֶף	mark	(cmp)
14	אמֹ֔ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	13 לֵ	fixed
15	אַל־	אַל	ADV	_	16 תֶּ֥רֶף	advmod	do not
16	תֶּ֥רֶף	רָפָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=2	2 יִּשְׁלְח֣וּ	advcl	let drop
17	יָדֶ֖י	יָד	NOUN	Number=Dual	16 תֶּ֥רֶף	obj	hands
18	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	17 יָדֶ֖י	nmod:poss	your
19	מֵֽ	מִן	ADP	_	20 עֲבָדֶ֑י	case	from
20	עֲבָדֶ֑י	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	16 תֶּ֥רֶף	obl	servants
21	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	20 עֲבָדֶ֑י	nmod:poss	your
22	עֲלֵ֧ה	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	2 יִּשְׁלְח֣וּ	parataxis	come up
23	אֵלֵ֣י	אֶל	ADP	_	24 נוּ	case	to
24	נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	22 עֲלֵ֧ה	obl	us
25	מְהֵרָ֗ה	מְהֵרָה	ADV	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	22 עֲלֵ֧ה	advmod	quickly
26	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	27 הוֹשִׁ֤יע	cc	and
27	הוֹשִׁ֤יע	יָשַׁע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=2	2 יִּשְׁלְח֣וּ	conj	save
28	ָה	ה	X	_	27 הוֹשִׁ֤יע	nmod
29	לּ	לְ	ADP	_	30 ָ֙נוּ֙	case	(to)
30	ָ֙נוּ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	27 הוֹשִׁ֤יע	obl	us
31	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	32 עָזְר	cc	and
32	עָזְר	עָזַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	2 יִּשְׁלְח֣וּ	conj	help
33	ֵ֔נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	32 עָזְר	obj	us
34	כִּ֚י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	35 נִקְבְּצ֣וּ	mark	(dm)
35	נִקְבְּצ֣וּ	קָבַץ	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּשְׁלְח֣וּ	advcl	they have gathered together
36	אֵלֵ֔י	אֶל	ADP	_	37 נוּ	case	against
37	נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	35 נִקְבְּצ֣וּ	obl	us
38	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	35 נִקְבְּצ֣וּ	nsubj	all
39	מַלְכֵ֥י	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	38 כָּל־	compound:smixut	the kings
40	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	41 אֱמֹרִ֖י	det	of
41	אֱמֹרִ֖י	אֱמֹרִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	39 מַלְכֵ֥י	compound:smixut	the Amorite[s]
42	יֹשְׁבֵ֥י	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	39 מַלְכֵ֥י	appos	[who] dwell
43	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	44 הָֽר	det	(of) the
44	הָֽר	הַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	42 יֹשְׁבֵ֥י	compound:smixut	hill country
45	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	44 הָֽר	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יִּשְׁלְחוּ they sent	wayyiqtol · qal	אַנְשֵׁי the men
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal	אַנְשֵׁי the men
not תֶּרֶף let drop	jussive · hiphil	יָדֶי hands		יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Joshua
עֲלֵה come up	imperative · qal	יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Joshua
הוֹשִׁיע save	imperative · hiphil	יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Joshua
עָזְר help	imperative · qal	יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Joshua	ֵנוּ us
נִקְבְּצוּ they have gathered together	qatal · niphal	מַלְכֵי the kings
יֹשְׁבֵי [who] dwell	participle active · qal	מַלְכֵי the kings

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּשְׁלַחוּ אֲנָשֵׁי גִבְעוֹן לְוַת יְהוֹשֻׁעַ לְמַשְׁרִיתָא לְגִלְגָלָא לְמֵיְמַר לָא תְרַשֵׁל יְדָךְ מַעֲבְדָךְ סַק לְוָתָנָא בִּפְרִיעַ וּפְרוֹק לָנָא וְסַעֲדָנָא אֲרֵי אִתְכְּנָשׁוּ עֲלָנָא כָּל מַלְכֵי אֱמוֹרָאָה יַתְבֵי טוּרָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the men of Gibeon sent unto Joshua to the camp to Gilgal, saying: 'Slack not thy hands from thy servants; come up to us quickly, and save us, and help us; for all the kings of the Amorites that dwell in the hill-country are gathered together against us.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:218.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.10.6/