Joshua 15:4 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: border, goings, this · What happens: pass along, go out, be · To what, where: Azmon, Brook, sea, south border

This is Joshua 15:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — border, goings, this — and what happens in the verse to Azmon, Brook, sea, south border, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְעָבַ֣ר עַצְמ֗וֹנָה וְיָצָא֙ נַ֣חַל מִצְרַ֔יִם וְהָי֛וּ תֹּצְא֥וֹת הַגְּב֖וּל יָ֑מָּה זֶה־יִהְיֶ֥ה לָכֶ֖ם גְּב֥וּל נֶֽגֶב׃

And it passed along to Azmon, and went out at the Brook of Egypt; and the goings out of the border were at the sea; this shall be your south border.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 עָבַ֣ר	cc	and
2	עָבַ֣ר	עָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it passes on
3	עַצְמ֗וֹנ	עַצְמוֹן	PROPN	_	2 עָבַ֣ר	obl	to
4	ָה	ה	X	_	3 עַצְמ֗וֹנ	nmod	Azmon
5	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 יָצָא֙	cc	and
6	יָצָא֙	יָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 עָבַ֣ר	conj	it goes out
7	נַ֣חַל	נַחַל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 יָצָא֙	obl	the wadi
8	מִצְרַ֔יִם	מִצְרַיִם	PROPN	_	7 נַ֣חַל	compound:smixut	of Egypt
9	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יָ֑מּ	cc	and
10	הָי֛וּ	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	14 יָ֑מּ	cop	they are
11	תֹּצְא֥וֹת	תֹּוצָאֹות	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	14 יָ֑מּ	nsubj	the extremities
12	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 גְּב֖וּל	det	of
13	גְּב֖וּל	גְּבוּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 תֹּצְא֥וֹת	compound:smixut	the territory
14	יָ֑מּ	יָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 עָבַ֣ר	conj	westward
15	ָה	ה	X	_	14 יָ֑מּ	nmod
16	זֶה־	זֶה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	20 גְּב֥וּל	nsubj	this
17	יִהְיֶ֥ה	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	20 גְּב֥וּל	cop	it will be
18	ל	לְ	ADP	_	19 ָכֶ֖ם	case	for
19	ָכֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	20 גְּב֥וּל	obl	you
20	גְּב֥וּל	גְּבוּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 עָבַ֣ר	parataxis	border
21	נֶֽגֶב	נֶגֶב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 גְּב֥וּל	compound:smixut	of [the] south
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	21 נֶֽגֶב	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
עָבַר it passes on	qatal · qal
יָצָא it goes out	qatal · qal
הָיוּ they are	qatal · qal	תֹּצְאוֹת the extremities
יִהְיֶה it will be	yiqtol · qal	זֶה־ this

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַעֲבַר לְעַצְמוֹן וְנָפֵק לְנַחְלָא דְמִצְרַיִם וַהֲווֹ מַפְקָנוֹהִי דִתְחוּמָא לְמַעֲרָבָה דֵין יְהֵא לְכוֹן תְּחוּם דָרוֹמָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And it passed along to Azmon, and went out at the Brook of Egypt; and the goings out of the border were at the sea; this shall be your south border.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:354.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.15.4/