Joshua 16:3 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: lot, goings · What happens: go down, be · To what, where: sea

This is Joshua 16:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — lot, goings — and what happens in the verse to sea, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְיָֽרַד־יָ֜מָּה אֶל־גְּב֣וּל הַיַּפְלֵטִ֗י עַ֣ד גְּב֧וּל בֵּית־חוֹרֹ֛ןבֵּית־חוֹרֹ֛ן תַּחְתּ֖וֹן וְעַד־גָּ֑זֶר וְהָי֥וּ תֹצְאֹתָ֖יו יָֽמָּה׃

And it went down westward to the border of the Japhletites, unto the border of Beth-horon the nether, even unto Gezer; and the goings out thereof were at the sea.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יָֽרַד־	cc	and
2	יָֽרַד־	יָרַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it goes down
3	יָ֜מּ	יָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יָֽרַד־	obl	westward
4	ָה	ה	X	_	3 יָ֜מּ	nmod
5	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	6 גְּב֣וּל	case	to
6	גְּב֣וּל	גְּבוּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יָֽרַד־	obl	the border
7	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	8 יַּפְלֵטִ֗י	det	of
8	יַּפְלֵטִ֗י	יַפְלֵטִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 גְּב֣וּל	compound:smixut	the Japhletite[s]
9	עַ֣ד	עַד	ADP	_	10 גְּב֧וּל	case	to
10	גְּב֧וּל	גְּבוּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יָֽרַד־	obl	the border
11	בֵּית־חוֹרֹ֛ן	בֵּית־חֹורֹון	PROPN	_	10 גְּב֧וּל	compound:smixut	of
12	בֵּית־חוֹרֹ֛ן	בֵּית־חוֹרֹן	PROPN	_	11 בֵּית־חוֹרֹ֛ן	nmod	Beth Horon
13	תַּחְתּ֖וֹן	תַּחְתּוֹן	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 בֵּית־חוֹרֹ֛ן	amod	lower
14	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 גָּ֑זֶר	cc	and
15	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	16 גָּ֑זֶר	case	to
16	גָּ֑זֶר	גֶּזֶר	PROPN	_	10 גְּב֧וּל	conj	Gezer
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 יָֽמּ	cc	and
18	הָי֥וּ	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	21 יָֽמּ	cop	they are
19	תֹצְאֹתָ֖י	תֹּוצָאֹות	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	21 יָֽמּ	nsubj	extremities
20	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 תֹצְאֹתָ֖י	nmod:poss	its
21	יָֽמּ	יָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יָֽרַד־	conj	sea
22	ָה	ה	X	_	21 יָֽמּ	nmod	to [the]
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 ָה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
יָֽרַד־ it goes down	weqatal · qal
הָיוּ they are	weqatal · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְנָחִית לְיַמָא לִתְחוּם יַפְלֵיט עַד תְּחוּם בֵּית חוֹרוֹן אַרְעָאָה וְעַד גָזֶר וַהֲווֹן מַפְקָנוֹהִי לְיַמָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And it went down westward to the border of the Japhletites, unto the border of Beth-horon the nether, even unto Gezer; and the goings out thereof were at the sea.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:416.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.16.3/