Joshua 22:21 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: children · What happens: answer, speak · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Joshua 22:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — children — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַֽיַּעֲנוּ֙ בְּנֵי־רְאוּבֵ֣ן וּבְנֵי־גָ֔ד וַחֲצִ֖י שֵׁ֣בֶט הַֽמְנַשֶּׁ֑ה וַֽיְדַבְּר֔וּ אֶת־רָאשֵׁ֖י אַלְפֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

Then the children of Reuben and the children of Gad and the half-tribe of Manasseh answered, and spoke unto the heads of the thousands of Israel:

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּעֲנוּ֙	cc	and
2	יַּעֲנוּ֙	עָנָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they answered
3	בְּנֵי־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יַּעֲנוּ֙	nsubj	the descendants
4	רְאוּבֵ֣ן	רְאוּבֵן	PROPN	_	3 בְּנֵי־	compound:smixut	of Reuben
5	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 בְנֵי־	cc	and
6	בְנֵי־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 בְּנֵי־	conj	the descendants
7	גָ֔ד	גָּד	PROPN	_	6 בְנֵי־	compound:smixut	of Gad
8	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 חֲצִ֖י	cc	and
9	חֲצִ֖י	חֲצִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 בְּנֵי־	conj	the half
10	שֵׁ֣בֶט	שֵׁבֶט	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 חֲצִ֖י	compound:smixut	of the tribe
11	הַֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 מְנַשֶּׁ֑ה	det	of (the)
12	מְנַשֶּׁ֑ה	מְנַשֶּׁה	PROPN	_	10 שֵׁ֣בֶט	compound:smixut	Manasseh
13	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יְדַבְּר֔וּ	cc	and
14	יְדַבְּר֔וּ	דָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יַּעֲנוּ֙	conj	they spoke
15	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	16 רָאשֵׁ֖י	case	with
16	רָאשֵׁ֖י	רֹאשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	14 יְדַבְּר֔וּ	obl	the heads
17	אַלְפֵ֥י	אֶלֶף	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 רָאשֵׁ֖י	compound:smixut	of the families
18	יִשְׂרָאֵֽל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	17 אַלְפֵ֥י	compound:smixut	of Israel
19	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	18 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
יַּעֲנוּ they answered	wayyiqtol · qal	בְּנֵי־ the descendants + בְנֵי־ the descendants + חֲצִי the half
יְדַבְּרוּ they spoke	wayyiqtol · piel	בְּנֵי־ the descendants + בְנֵי־ the descendants + חֲצִי the half

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲתִיבוּ בְּנֵי רְאוּבֵן וּבְנֵי גָד וּפַלְגוּת שִׁבְטָא דִמְנָשֶׁה וּמַלִילוּ עִם רֵישֵׁי אַלְפַיָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Then the children of Reuben and the children of Gad and the half-tribe of Manasseh answered, and spoke unto the heads of the thousands of Israel:

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:595.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.22.21/