Joshua 24:18 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: LORD, Amorites, we · What happens: drive out, dwell, serve, be · To what, where: peoples, land, LORD, God

This is Joshua 24:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, Amorites, we — and what happens in the verse to peoples, land, LORD, God, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְגָ֨רֶשׁ יְהוָ֜ה אֶת־כָּל־הָעַמִּ֗ים וְאֶת־הָאֱמֹרִ֛י יֹשֵׁ֥ב הָאָ֖רֶץ מִפָּנֵ֑ינוּ גַּם־אֲנַ֙חְנוּ֙ נַעֲבֹ֣ד אֶת־יְהוָ֔ה כִּי־ה֖וּא אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃ס

and the LORD drove out from before us all the peoples, even the Amorites that dwelt in the land; therefore we also will serve the LORD; for He is our God.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְגָ֨רֶשׁ	cc	and
2	יְגָ֨רֶשׁ	גָּרַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he drove out
3	יְהוָ֜ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	2 יְגָ֨רֶשׁ	nsubj	Yahweh
4	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	5 כָּל־	case	(et)
5	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יְגָ֨רֶשׁ	obj	all
6	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 עַמִּ֗ים	det	the
7	עַמִּ֗ים	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	5 כָּל־	compound:smixut	peoples
8	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 אֱמֹרִ֛י	cc	and
9	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	11 אֱמֹרִ֛י	case	(et)
10	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 אֱמֹרִ֛י	det	the
11	אֱמֹרִ֛י	אֱמֹרִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 כָּל־	conj	Amorite[s]
12	יֹשֵׁ֥ב	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	11 אֱמֹרִ֛י	appos	[who was] dwelling
13	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 אָ֖רֶץ	det	of
14	אָ֖רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 יֹשֵׁ֥ב	compound:smixut	the land
15	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	16 פָּנֵ֑י	case	from
16	פָּנֵ֑י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 יְגָ֨רֶשׁ	obl	before
17	נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	16 פָּנֵ֑י	nmod:poss	us
18	גַּם־	גַּם	ADV	_	19 אֲנַ֙חְנוּ֙	advmod	also
19	אֲנַ֙חְנוּ֙	אֲנַחְנוּ	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	20 נַעֲבֹ֣ד	nsubj	we
20	נַעֲבֹ֣ד	עָבַד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1	2 יְגָ֨רֶשׁ	parataxis	we will serve
21	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	22 יְהוָ֔ה	case	(et)
22	יְהוָ֔ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	20 נַעֲבֹ֣ד	obj	Yahweh
23	כִּי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	25 אֱלֹהֵֽי	mark	(dm)
24	ה֖וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 אֱלֹהֵֽי	nsubj	he
25	אֱלֹהֵֽי	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יְגָ֨רֶשׁ	advcl	God
26	נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	25 אֱלֹהֵֽי	nmod:poss	[is] our
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 נוּ	punct
28	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	26 נוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יְגָרֶשׁ he drove out	wayyiqtol · piel	יְהוָה Yahweh	עַמִּים peoples + אֱמֹרִי Amorite[s]
יֹשֵׁב [who was] dwelling	participle active · qal	אֱמֹרִי Amorite[s]
נַעֲבֹד we will serve	yiqtol · qal	אֲנַחְנוּ we	יְהוָה Yahweh

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְתָרֵיךְ יְיָ יַת כָּל עַמְמַיָא וְיַת אֱמוֹרָאָה יָתֵיב אַרְעָא מִן קֳדָמָנָא אַף אֲנַחְנָא נִפְלַח קֳדָם יְיָ אֲרֵי הוּא אֱלָהָנָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

and the LORD drove out from before us all the peoples, even the Amorites that dwelt in the land; therefore we also will serve the LORD; for He is our God.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:642.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.24.18/