Joshua 24:19 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: Joshua, Ye, LORD, your · What happens: say, not serve, be, not forgive, transgress · To what, where: LORD, holy God, jealous God, transgression · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Joshua 24:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joshua, Ye, LORD, your — and what happens in the verse to LORD, holy God, jealous God, transgression, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ אֶל־הָעָ֗ם לֹ֤א תֽוּכְלוּ֙ לַעֲבֹ֣ד אֶת־יְהוָ֔ה כִּֽי־אֱלֹהִ֥ים קְדֹשִׁ֖ים ה֑וּא אֵֽל־קַנּ֣וֹא ה֔וּא לֹֽא־יִשָּׂ֥א לְפִשְׁעֲכֶ֖ם וּלְחַטֹּאותֵיכֶֽם׃

And Joshua said unto the people: 'Ye cannot serve the LORD; for He is a holy God; He is a jealous God; He will not forgive your transgression nor your sins.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֨אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ	יְהֹושֻׁעַ	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	nsubj	Joshua
4	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	6 עָ֗ם	case	to
5	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 עָ֗ם	det	the
6	עָ֗ם	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	obl	people
7	לֹ֤א	לֹא	ADV	_	8 תֽוּכְלוּ֙	advmod	not
8	תֽוּכְלוּ֙	יָכֹל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	ccomp	you will be able
9	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	10 עֲבֹ֣ד	case	to
10	עֲבֹ֣ד	עָבַד	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	8 תֽוּכְלוּ֙	xcomp	serve
11	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	12 יְהוָ֔ה	case	(et)
12	יְהוָ֔ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	10 עֲבֹ֣ד	obj	Yahweh
13	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	14 אֱלֹהִ֥ים	mark	(dm)
14	אֱלֹהִ֥ים	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	8 תֽוּכְלוּ֙	advcl	[is] a God
15	קְדֹשִׁ֖ים	קָדוֹשׁ	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	14 אֱלֹהִ֥ים	amod	holy
16	ה֑וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 אֱלֹהִ֥ים	nsubj	he
17	אֵֽל־	אֵל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 תֽוּכְלוּ֙	parataxis	[is] a God
18	קַנּ֣וֹא	קַנּוֹא	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 אֵֽל־	amod	jealous
19	ה֔וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 אֵֽל־	nsubj	he
20	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	21 יִשָּׂ֥א	advmod	not
21	יִשָּׂ֥א	נָשָׂא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	8 תֽוּכְלוּ֙	parataxis	he will forgive
22	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	23 פִשְׁע	case	to
23	פִשְׁע	פֶּשַׁע	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 יִשָּׂ֥א	obl	transgression
24	ֲכֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	23 פִשְׁע	nmod:poss	your
25	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	27 חַטֹּאותֵי	cc	and
26	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	27 חַטֹּאותֵי	case	(to)
27	חַטֹּאותֵי	חַטָּאת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	23 פִשְׁע	conj	sins
28	כֶֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	27 חַטֹּאותֵי	nmod:poss	your
29	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	28 כֶֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
indirect: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Joshua
not תֽוּכְלוּ you will be able	yiqtol · qal	עָם people
עֲבֹד serve	infinitive construct · qal	עָם people	יְהוָה Yahweh
not יִשָּׂא he will forgive	yiqtol · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר יְהוֹשֻׁעַ לְעַמָא לָא תוּכְלוּן לְמִפְלַח קֳדָם יְיָ אֲרֵי אֱלָהָא קַדִישָׁא הוּא אֵל קַנָא הוּא מִן קֳדָם דִין דִקְשׁוֹט לָא יִשְׁבּוֹק לְחוֹבֵיכוֹן וּלְחַטָאֵיכוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Joshua said unto the people: 'Ye cannot serve the LORD; for He is a holy God; He is a jealous God; He will not forgive your transgression nor your sins.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:643.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.24.19/