Joshua 8:22 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: other, men, none · What happens: come, be, smite, let, remain, escape · To what, where: city, midst, people, none

This is Joshua 8:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — other, men, none — and what happens in the verse to city, midst, people, none, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְאֵ֨לֶּה יָצְא֤וּ מִן־הָעִיר֙ לִקְרָאתָ֔ם וַיִּֽהְי֤וּ לְיִשְׂרָאֵל֙ בַּתָּ֔וֶךְ אֵ֥לֶּה מִזֶּ֖ה וְאֵ֣לֶּה מִזֶּ֑ה וַיַּכּ֣וּ אוֹתָ֔ם עַד־בִּלְתִּ֥י הִשְׁאִֽיר־ל֖וֹ שָׂרִ֥יד וּפָלִֽיט׃

And the other came forth out of the city against them; so they were in the midst of Israel, some on this side, and some on that side; and they smote them, so that they let none of them remain or escape.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	3 יָצְא֤וּ	cc	and
2	אֵ֨לֶּה	אֵלֶּה	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	3 יָצְא֤וּ	nsubj	these [men]
3	יָצְא֤וּ	יָצָא	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they came out
4	מִן־	מִן	ADP	_	6 עִיר֙	case	from
5	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 עִיר֙	det	the
6	עִיר֙	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	3 יָצְא֤וּ	obl	city
7	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	8 קְרָאת	case	to
8	קְרָאת	קרא	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	3 יָצְא֤וּ	advcl	meet
9	ָ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 קְרָאת	obj	them
10	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 יִּֽהְי֤וּ	cc	and
11	יִּֽהְי֤וּ	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	3 יָצְא֤וּ	conj	they were
12	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	13 יִשְׂרָאֵל֙	case	to
13	יִשְׂרָאֵל֙	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	11 יִּֽהְי֤וּ	obl	Israel
14	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	16 תָּ֔וֶךְ	case	in
15	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 תָּ֔וֶךְ	det	the
16	תָּ֔וֶךְ	תָּוֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 יִּֽהְי֤וּ	obl	middle
17	אֵ֥לֶּה	אֵלֶּה	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	19 זֶּ֖ה	nsubj	these
18	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	19 זֶּ֖ה	case	from
19	זֶּ֖ה	זֶה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	11 יִּֽהְי֤וּ	parataxis	this
20	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 זֶּ֑ה	cc	and
21	אֵ֣לֶּה	אֵלֶּה	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	23 זֶּ֑ה	nsubj	these
22	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	23 זֶּ֑ה	case	from
23	זֶּ֑ה	זֶה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	19 זֶּ֖ה	conj	this
24	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 יַּכּ֣וּ	cc	and
25	יַּכּ֣וּ	נָכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	3 יָצְא֤וּ	conj	they defeated
26	אוֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	27 ָ֔ם	case
27	ָ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 יַּכּ֣וּ	obj	them
28	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	30 הִשְׁאִֽיר־	case	until
29	בִּלְתִּ֥י	בֵּלֶת	ADP	_	30 הִשְׁאִֽיר־	advmod	not
30	הִשְׁאִֽיר־	שָׁאַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	25 יַּכּ֣וּ	parataxis	left
31	ל	לְ	ADP	_	32 ֖וֹ	case	to
32	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	30 הִשְׁאִֽיר־	obl	it
33	שָׂרִ֥יד	שָׂרִיד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	30 הִשְׁאִֽיר־	obj	a survivor
34	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	35 פָלִֽיט	cc	and
35	פָלִֽיט	פָּלִיט	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	33 שָׂרִ֥יד	conj	a fugitive
36	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	35 פָלִֽיט	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יָצְאוּ they came out	qatal · qal	אֵלֶּה these [men]
קְרָאת meet	infinitive construct · qal		ָם them
יִּֽהְיוּ they were	wayyiqtol · qal
יַּכּוּ they defeated	wayyiqtol · hiphil	ָם them		יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel
הִשְׁאִֽיר־ left	qatal · hiphil	שָׂרִיד a survivor + פָלִֽיט a fugitive		יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְאִלֵין נְפַקוּ מִן קַרְתָּא לִקְדָמוּתְהוּן וַהֲווֹ לְיִשְׂרָאֵל בִּמְצִיעָא אִלֵין מִכָּא וְאִלֵין מִכָּא וּמִחוֹ יַתְהוֹן עַד דְלָא אִשְׁתָּאַר לְהוֹן שְׁאֵר וּמְשֵׁזֵיב:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the other came forth out of the city against them; so they were in the midst of Israel, some on this side, and some on that side; and they smote them, so that they let none of them remain or escape.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:172.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.8.22/