Joshua 8:25 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: all · What happens: fall, be · To what, where: twelve thousand

This is Joshua 8:25 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — all — and what happens in the verse to twelve thousand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְהִי֩ כָל־הַנֹּ֨פְלִ֜ים בַּיּ֤וֹם הַהוּא֙ מֵאִ֣ישׁ וְעַד־אִשָּׁ֔ה שְׁנֵ֥ים עָשָׂ֖ר אָ֑לֶף כֹּ֖ל אַנְשֵׁ֥י הָעָֽי׃

And all that fell that day, both of men and women, were twelve thousand, even all the men of Ai.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 שְׁנֵ֥ים	cc	and
2	יְהִי֩	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	16 שְׁנֵ֥ים	cop	it was
3	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 שְׁנֵ֥ים	nsubj	all
4	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	5 נֹּ֨פְלִ֜ים	mark	[those
5	נֹּ֨פְלִ֜ים	נָפַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	3 כָל־	compound:smixut	who] fell
6	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	8 יּ֤וֹם	case	on
7	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	8 יּ֤וֹם	det	the
8	יּ֤וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 נֹּ֨פְלִ֜ים	obl	day
9	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 הוּא֙	det	(the)
10	הוּא֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 יּ֤וֹם	det	that
11	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	12 אִ֣ישׁ	case	from
12	אִ֣ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 כָל־	nmod	man
13	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 אִשָּׁ֔ה	cc	and
14	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	15 אִשָּׁ֔ה	case	unto
15	אִשָּׁ֔ה	אִשָּׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	12 אִ֣ישׁ	conj	woman
16	שְׁנֵ֥ים	שְׁנַיִם	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Dual	root	root	[were] two plus
17	עָשָׂ֖ר	עָשָׂר	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 שְׁנֵ֥ים	flat	ten
18	אָ֑לֶף	אֶלֶף	NUM	Number=Sing	16 שְׁנֵ֥ים	flat	thousand
19	כֹּ֖ל	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 שְׁנֵ֥ים	parataxis	all
20	אַנְשֵׁ֥י	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	19 כֹּ֖ל	compound:smixut	the people
21	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 עָֽי	det	of (the)
22	עָֽי	עַי	PROPN	_	20 אַנְשֵׁ֥י	compound:smixut	Ai
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 עָֽי	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
יְהִי it was	wayyiqtol · qal	נֹּפְלִים who] fell

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַהֲווֹ כָּל דְאִתְקְטָלוּ בְּיוֹמָא הַהוּא מִגְבַר וְעַד אִתְּתָא תְּרֵי עֲשַׂר אַלְפִין כֹּל אֱנָשֵׁי עָי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And all that fell that day, both of men and women, were twelve thousand, even all the men of Ai.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:175.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.8.25/