Malachi 2:4 מַלְאָכִי
Who acts: you, I, covenant, LORD, My · What happens: know, send, be, say, covenant · To what, where: commandment · Speech: someone speaks in this verse
This is Malachi 2:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, I, covenant, LORD, My — and what happens in the verse to commandment, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 3 chapters of Malachi on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
וִֽידַעְתֶּ֕ם כִּ֚י שִׁלַּ֣חְתִּי אֲלֵיכֶ֔ם אֵ֖ת הַמִּצְוָ֣ה הַזֹּ֑את לִֽהְי֤וֹת בְּרִיתִי֙ אֶת־לֵוִ֔י אָמַ֖ר יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וִֽ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 2 ידַעְתֶּ֕ם | cc | and |
| 2 | ידַעְתֶּ֕ם | יָדַע | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2 | root | root | you will know |
| 3 | כִּ֚י | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 4 שִׁלַּ֣חְתִּי | mark | (dm) that |
| 4 | שִׁלַּ֣חְתִּי | שָׁלַח | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=1 | 2 ידַעְתֶּ֕ם | ccomp | I have sent |
| 5 | אֲלֵי | אֶל | ADP | _ | 6 כֶ֔ם | case | to |
| 6 | כֶ֔ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 שִׁלַּ֣חְתִּי | obl | you |
| 7 | אֵ֖ת | אֵת | ADP | _ | 9 מִּצְוָ֣ה | case | (et) |
| 8 | הַ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 9 מִּצְוָ֣ה | det | the |
| 9 | מִּצְוָ֣ה | מִצְוָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 4 שִׁלַּ֣חְתִּי | obj | commandment |
| 10 | הַ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 11 זֹּ֑את | det | (the) |
| 11 | זֹּ֑את | זֹאת | DET | Gender=Fem Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 9 מִּצְוָ֣ה | det | this |
| 12 | לִֽ | לְ | ADP | _ | 17 לֵוִ֔י | case | to |
| 13 | הְי֤וֹת | הָיָה | AUX | HebBinyan=QAL | 17 לֵוִ֔י | cop | be |
| 14 | בְּרִית | בְּרִית | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 17 לֵוִ֔י | nsubj | covenant |
| 15 | ִי֙ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 14 בְּרִית | nmod:poss | my |
| 16 | אֶת־ | אֵת | ADP | _ | 17 לֵוִ֔י | case | with |
| 17 | לֵוִ֔י | לֵוִי | PROPN | _ | 4 שִׁלַּ֣חְתִּי | obl | Levi |
| 18 | אָמַ֖ר | אָמַר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 2 ידַעְתֶּ֕ם | parataxis | he says |
| 19 | יְהוָ֥ה | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 18 אָמַ֖ר | nsubj | Yahweh |
| 20 | צְבָאֽוֹת | צָבָא | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 יְהוָ֥ה | compound:smixut | of hosts |
| 21 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 20 צְבָאֽוֹת | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
- indirect
- yes
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ידַעְתֶּם you will know | weqatal · qal | שִׁלַּחְתִּי I have sent | |||
| שִׁלַּחְתִּי I have sent | qatal · piel | מִּצְוָה commandment | |||
| הְיוֹת be | infinitive construct · qal | בְּרִית covenant | |||
| אָמַר he says | qatal · qal | יְהוָה Yahweh |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
וְתֵדְעוּן אֲרֵי שְׁלַחִית לְוָתְכוֹן יַת תַּפְקֵדְתָּא הָדָא לְמֶהֱוֵי קְיָמִי דְעִם לְוִי אֲמַר יְיָ צְבָאוֹת:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:MAL:17.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.2.4/