Micah 7:4 מִיכָה

Who acts: best, upright, day, thy · What happens: be, come, visit · To what, where: perplexity

This is Micah 7:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — best, upright, day, thy — and what happens in the verse to perplexity, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 7 chapters of Micah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

טוֹבָ֣ם כְּחֵ֔דֶק יָשָׁ֖ר מִמְּסוּכָ֑ה י֤וֹם מְצַפֶּ֙יךָ֙ פְּקֻדָּתְךָ֣ בָ֔אָה עַתָּ֥ה תִהְיֶ֖ה מְבוּכָתָֽם׃

The best of them is as a brier; the most upright is worse than a thorn hedge; the day of thy watchmen, even thy visitation, is come; now shall be their perplexity.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	טוֹב	טוֹב	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 חֵ֔דֶק	nsubj	their good
2	ָ֣ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 טוֹב	nmod:poss	person
3	כְּ	כְּ	ADP	_	4 חֵ֔דֶק	case	[is] like
4	חֵ֔דֶק	חֵדֶק	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	root	root	a thorn-bush
5	יָשָׁ֖ר	יָשָׁר	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 מְּסוּכָ֑ה	nsubj	an upright [person]
6	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	7 מְּסוּכָ֑ה	case	more
7	מְּסוּכָ֑ה	מְסוּכָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	4 חֵ֔דֶק	parataxis	than a thorn hedge
8	י֤וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 בָ֔אָה	obl	the day
9	מְצַפֶּ֙י	צָפָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur	8 י֤וֹם	compound:smixut	of
10	ךָ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	9 מְצַפֶּ֙י	nmod:poss	your watchmen
11	פְּקֻדָּת	פְּקֻדָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	13 בָ֔אָה	nsubj	punishment
12	ְךָ֣	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	11 פְּקֻדָּת	nmod:poss	your
13	בָ֔אָה	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	4 חֵ֔דֶק	parataxis	it has come
14	עַתָּ֥ה	עַתָּה	ADV	_	15 תִהְיֶ֖ה	advmod	now
15	תִהְיֶ֖ה	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	4 חֵ֔דֶק	parataxis	it will be
16	מְבוּכָת	מְבוּכָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	15 תִהְיֶ֖ה	nsubj	confusion
17	ָֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 מְבוּכָת	nmod:poss	their
18	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	17 ָֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
בָאָה it has come	qatal · qal	פְּקֻדָּת punishment
תִהְיֶה it will be	yiqtol · qal	מְבוּכָת confusion

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

טָבָא דִבְהוֹן קָשֵׁי לְמִפַּק מִן יְדֵיהּ כַּד מִן חִדְקָא וּדְקָשֵׁיט בְּהוֹן מִסְיוּגַת סְיַג בִּישׁ יוֹם סִבּוּרָךְ לְטַב עִדַן סְעוּרַת בִּישְׁתָךְ מְטַת כְּעַן יְהֵי עֲרָבוּ לְהוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

The best of them is as a brier; the most upright is worse than a thorn hedge; the day of thy watchmen, even thy visitation, is come; now shall be their perplexity.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:MIC:88.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC.7.4/