Nahum 2:2 נַחוּם
What happens: come up, guard, watch, make, fortify · To what, where: maul, defences, way, loins, power
This is Nahum 2:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: what happens in the verse to maul, defences, way, loins, power, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 3 chapters of Nahum on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
עָלָ֥ה מֵפִ֛יץ עַל־פָּנַ֖יִךְ נָצ֣וֹר מְצֻרָ֑ה צַפֵּה־דֶ֙רֶךְ֙ חַזֵּ֣ק מָתְנַ֔יִם אַמֵּ֥ץ כֹּ֖חַ מְאֹֽד׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | עָלָ֥ה | עָלָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | he has come up |
| 2 | מֵפִ֛יץ | פוץ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing | 1 עָלָ֥ה | nsubj | [one who] scatters |
| 3 | עַל־ | עַל | ADP | _ | 4 פָּנַ֖י | case | on |
| 4 | פָּנַ֖י | פָּנֶה | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 עָלָ֥ה | obl | face |
| 5 | ִךְ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 פָּנַ֖י | nmod:poss | your |
| 6 | נָצ֣וֹר | נָצַר | VERB | HebBinyan=QAL | 1 עָלָ֥ה | parataxis | guard |
| 7 | מְצֻרָ֑ה | מְצוּרָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 6 נָצ֣וֹר | obj | [the] fortification |
| 8 | צַפֵּה־ | צָפָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=2 | 1 עָלָ֥ה | parataxis | watch |
| 9 | דֶ֙רֶךְ֙ | דֶּרֶךְ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 צַפֵּה־ | obj | [the] road |
| 10 | חַזֵּ֣ק | חָזַק | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=2 | 1 עָלָ֥ה | parataxis | strengthen |
| 11 | מָתְנַ֔יִם | מׇתְנַיִם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Dual | 10 חַזֵּ֣ק | obj | [the] loins |
| 12 | אַמֵּ֥ץ | אָמֵץ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=2 | 1 עָלָ֥ה | parataxis | make strong |
| 13 | כֹּ֖חַ | כֹּחַ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 12 אַמֵּ֥ץ | obj | strength |
| 14 | מְאֹֽד | מְאֹד | ADV | _ | 12 אַמֵּ֥ץ | advmod | exceedingly |
| 15 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 14 מְאֹֽד | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| עָלָה he has come up | qatal · qal | מֵפִיץ [one who] scatters | |||
| נָצוֹר guard | infinitive absolute · qal | מְצֻרָה [the] fortification | |||
| צַפֵּה־ watch | imperative · piel | דֶרֶךְ [the] road | |||
| חַזֵּק strengthen | imperative · piel | מָתְנַיִם [the] loins | |||
| אַמֵּץ make strong | imperative · piel | כֹּחַ strength |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
דַהֲווֹ סַלְקִין וּמִתְבַּדְרִין עַל אַרְעִיךְ צָיְרִין עֲלָךְ בִּצְיָר מְקַיְמִין סִכְוָאִין עַל אוֹרְחָתָךְ תַּקִיפֵי קְדַל חֲסִינֵי חֵיל לַחֲדָא:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:NAM:15.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/NAM.2.2/