Nahum 2:3 נַחוּם
Who acts: LORD, emptiers · What happens: restore, empty out, mar, pride · To what, where: pride, loins, vine branches, Jacob, Israel
This is Nahum 2:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, emptiers — and what happens in the verse to pride, loins, vine branches, Jacob, Israel, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 3 chapters of Nahum on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
כִּ֣י שָׁ֤ב יְהוָה֙ אֶת־גְּא֣וֹן יַעֲקֹ֔ב כִּגְא֖וֹן יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כִּ֤י בְקָקוּם֙ בֹּֽקְקִ֔ים וּזְמֹרֵיהֶ֖ם שִׁחֵֽתוּ׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | כִּ֣י | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 2 שָׁ֤ב | mark | (dm) |
| 2 | שָׁ֤ב | שׁוּב | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | he will restore |
| 3 | יְהוָה֙ | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 2 שָׁ֤ב | nsubj | Yahweh |
| 4 | אֶת־ | אֵת | ADP | _ | 5 גְּא֣וֹן | case | (et) |
| 5 | גְּא֣וֹן | גָּאוֹן | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 2 שָׁ֤ב | obj | the majesty |
| 6 | יַעֲקֹ֔ב | יַעֲקֹב | PROPN | _ | 5 גְּא֣וֹן | compound:smixut | of Jacob |
| 7 | כִּ | כְּ | ADP | _ | 8 גְא֖וֹן | case | like |
| 8 | גְא֖וֹן | גָּאוֹן | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 2 שָׁ֤ב | obl | the majesty |
| 9 | יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל | יִשְׂרָאֵל | PROPN | _ | 8 גְא֖וֹן | compound:smixut | of Israel |
| 10 | כִּ֤י | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 11 בְקָקוּ | mark | (dm) |
| 11 | בְקָקוּ | בָּקַק | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 2 שָׁ֤ב | advcl | they |
| 12 | ם֙ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 בְקָקוּ | obj | have laid waste to them |
| 13 | בֹּֽקְקִ֔ים | בָּקַק | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur | 11 בְקָקוּ | nsubj | [those who] lay waste |
| 14 | וּ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 17 שִׁחֵֽתוּ | cc | and |
| 15 | זְמֹרֵי | זְמוֹרָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Plur | 17 שִׁחֵֽתוּ | obj | their vine |
| 16 | הֶ֖ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 זְמֹרֵי | nmod:poss | branches |
| 17 | שִׁחֵֽתוּ | שָׁחַת | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3 | 2 שָׁ֤ב | conj | they have destroyed |
| 18 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 17 שִׁחֵֽתוּ | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| שָׁב he will restore | qatal · qal | יְהוָה Yahweh | גְּאוֹן the majesty | ||
| בְקָקוּ they | qatal · qal | בֹּֽקְקִים [those who] lay waste | ם have laid waste to them | ||
| שִׁחֵֽתוּ they have destroyed | qatal · piel | בֹּֽקְקִים [those who] lay waste | זְמֹרֵי their vine |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
אֲרֵי אָתִיב יְיָ תּוּקְפֵיהּ לְיַעֲקֹב רְבוּתֵיהּ לְיִשְׂרָאֵל אֲרֵי בְזוּנוּן בָּזוֹזִין וְקִרְוֵי תוּשְׁבַּחְתְּהוֹן חַבִּילוּ:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:NAM:16.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/NAM.2.3/