Zephaniah 2:4 צְפַנְיָה
Who acts: Ashkelon, they · What happens: forsake, desolation, drive out, root up · To what, where: Gaza, Ashdod, noonday, Ekron
This is Zephaniah 2:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ashkelon, they — and what happens in the verse to Gaza, Ashdod, noonday, Ekron, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 3 chapters of Zephaniah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
כִּ֤י עַזָּה֙ עֲזוּבָ֣ה תִֽהְיֶ֔ה וְאַשְׁקְל֖וֹן לִשְׁמָמָ֑ה אַשְׁדּ֗וֹד בַּֽצָּהֳרַ֙יִם֙ יְגָ֣רְשׁ֔וּהָ וְעֶקְר֖וֹן תֵּעָקֵֽר׃ס
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | כִּ֤י | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 3 עֲזוּבָ֣ה | mark | (dm) |
| 2 | עַזָּה֙ | עַזָּה | PROPN | _ | 3 עֲזוּבָ֣ה | nsubj | Gaza |
| 3 | עֲזוּבָ֣ה | עָזַב | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | root | root | abandoned |
| 4 | תִֽהְיֶ֔ה | הָיָה | AUX | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 3 עֲזוּבָ֣ה | cop | it will be |
| 5 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 6 אַשְׁקְל֖וֹן | cc | and |
| 6 | אַשְׁקְל֖וֹן | אַשְׁקְלוֹן | PROPN | _ | 3 עֲזוּבָ֣ה | conj | Ashkelon |
| 7 | לִ | לְ | ADP | _ | 8 שְׁמָמָ֑ה | case | [will |
| 8 | שְׁמָמָ֑ה | שְׁמָמָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 6 אַשְׁקְל֖וֹן | obl | become] (into) a desolation |
| 9 | אַשְׁדּ֗וֹד | אַשְׁדּוֹד | PROPN | _ | 13 יְגָ֣רְשׁ֔וּ | dislocated | Ashdod |
| 10 | בַּֽ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 12 צָּהֳרַ֙יִם֙ | case | at |
| 11 | ה | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 12 צָּהֳרַ֙יִם֙ | det | the |
| 12 | צָּהֳרַ֙יִם֙ | צָהֳרַיִם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 13 יְגָ֣רְשׁ֔וּ | obl | noontide(s) |
| 13 | יְגָ֣רְשׁ֔וּ | גָּרַשׁ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3 | 3 עֲזוּבָ֣ה | parataxis | people |
| 14 | הָ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 יְגָ֣רְשׁ֔וּ | obj | will drive it out |
| 15 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 17 תֵּעָקֵֽר | cc | and |
| 16 | עֶקְר֖וֹן | עֶקְרוֹן | PROPN | _ | 17 תֵּעָקֵֽר | nsubj | Ekron |
| 17 | תֵּעָקֵֽר | עָקַר | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 3 עֲזוּבָ֣ה | conj | it will be plucked up |
| 18 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 17 תֵּעָקֵֽר | punct | |
| 19 | ס | ס | PUNCT | _ | 17 תֵּעָקֵֽר | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| עֲזוּבָה abandoned | participle passive · qal | עַזָּה Gaza | |||
| תִֽהְיֶה it will be | yiqtol · qal | עַזָּה Gaza | |||
| יְגָרְשׁוּ people | yiqtol · piel | הָ will drive it out | |||
| תֵּעָקֵֽר it will be plucked up | yiqtol · niphal | עֶקְרוֹן Ekron |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
אֲרֵי עַזָה שְׁבִיקָא תְהֵי וְאַשְׁקְלוֹן לְצָדוּ אַשְׁדוֹד בְּטִיהֲרָא יִתָרְכוּנָהּ וְעֶקְרוֹן תִּתְעַקֵר:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:ZEP:21.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEP.2.4/