1 Kings 21:8 · JPS 1917

So she wrote letters in Ahab's name, and sealed them with his seal, and sent the letters unto the elders and to the nobles that were in his city, and that dwelt with Naboth.

Who acts: heart, nobles, that, Ahab · What happens: write, seal, send, be, dwell, name · To what, where: letters, name, city

This is 1 Kings 21:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heart, nobles, that, Ahab), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	So	so	ADV	_	3 wrote	advmod
2	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 wrote	nsubj
3	wrote	write	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 wrote	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	8 name	case
6	Ahab	Ahab	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 name	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 Ahab	case
8	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 wrote	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 sealed	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 sealed	cc
11	sealed	seal	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 wrote	conj
12	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 sealed	obj
13	with	with	ADP	_	15 seal	case
14	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 seal	nmod:poss
15	seal	seal	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 sealed	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 sent	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 sent	cc
18	sent	send	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 wrote	conj
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 letters	det
20	letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 sent	obj
21	unto	unto	ADP	_	23 elders	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 elders	det
23	elders	elder	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 sent	obl
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 nobles	cc
25	to	to	ADP	_	27 nobles	case
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 nobles	det
27	nobles	noble	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 elders	conj
28	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	32 city	nsubj
29	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	32 city	cop
30	in	in	ADP	_	32 city	case
31	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	32 city	nmod:poss
32	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 nobles	acl:relcl
33	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 dwelt	punct
34	and	and	CCONJ	_	36 dwelt	cc
35	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	36 dwelt	nsubj
36	dwelt	dwell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	32 city	conj
37	with	with	ADP	_	38 Naboth	case
38	Naboth	Naboth	PROPN	Number=Sing	36 dwelt	obl
39	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 wrote	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	write	past	heart	letters	Ahab's name		vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent letter=Theme in name=Destination
2	seal	past	heart not said here	letters = letter		with Ahab's seal	vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP PP.co-patient PP.instrument»: agent=Agent they=Patient with seal=Instrument
3	send	past	heart not said here	the letters		unto the elders and the nobles	vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Theme
4	is	past	the nobles		Ahab's city		tree rules
5	dwell	past	that			with Naboth	vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with naboth=Location
6	name		Ahab				nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

וַתִּכְתֹּ֤ב סְפָרִים֙ בְּשֵׁ֣ם אַחְאָ֔ב וַתַּחְתֹּ֖ם בְּחֹתָמ֑וֹ וַתִּשְׁלַ֣ח סְפָרִ֗ים אֶל־הַזְקֵנִ֤יםוְאֶל־הַֽחֹרִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּעִיר֔וֹ הַיֹּשְׁבִ֖ים אֶת־נָבֽוֹת׃

1 Kings 21:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1KI:779 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.779/