1 Samuel 13:6 · JPS 1917
When the men of Israel saw that they were in a strait — for the people were distressed — then the people did hide themselves in caves, and in thickets, and in rocks, and in holds, and in pits.
Who acts: men, people · What happens: see, be, hide · To what, where: strait, people, caves · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 1 Samuel 13:6 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | SCONJ | _ | 6 saw | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 men | det |
| 3 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 saw | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 Israel | case |
| 5 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 men | nmod |
| 6 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 hide | advcl |
| 7 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 12 strait | mark |
| 8 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 strait | nsubj |
| 9 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 strait | cop |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 strait | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 strait | det |
| 12 | strait | strait | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 saw | ccomp |
| 13 | — | — | PUNCT | _ | 18 distressed | punct |
| 14 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 18 distressed | mark |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 people | det |
| 16 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 distressed | nsubj |
| 17 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 distressed | cop |
| 18 | distressed | distress | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 strait | advcl |
| 19 | — | — | PUNCT | _ | 24 hide | punct |
| 20 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 24 hide | advmod |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 people | det |
| 22 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 hide | nsubj |
| 23 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 hide | aux |
| 24 | hide | hide | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 25 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 24 hide | obj |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 27 caves | case |
| 27 | caves | cave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 hide | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 thickets | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 thickets | cc |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 thickets | case |
| 31 | thickets | thicket | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 caves | conj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 rocks | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 rocks | cc |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 rocks | case |
| 35 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 caves | conj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 holds | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 holds | cc |
| 38 | in | in | ADP | _ | 39 holds | case |
| 39 | holds | hold | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 caves | conj |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 pits | punct |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 pits | cc |
| 42 | in | in | ADP | _ | 43 pits | case |
| 43 | pits | pit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 caves | conj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 24 hide | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | the men of Israel | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | is | past | men = man | a strait | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | is | past | the people | distress property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | hide | past · do-support | the people | people | caves and thickets and rocks and holds and pits | then | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent themselves=Patient in cave=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְאִ֨ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֤ל רָאוּ֙ כִּ֣י צַר־ל֔וֹ כִּ֥י נִגַּ֖שׂ הָעָ֑ם וַיִּֽתְחַבְּא֣וּ הָעָ֗ם בַּמְּעָר֤וֹת וּבַֽחֲוָחִים֙ וּבַסְּלָעִ֔ים וּבַצְּרִחִ֖ים וּבַבֹּרֽוֹת׃
1 Samuel 13:6: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1SA:308 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.308/