1 Samuel 19:4 · JPS 1917

And Jonathan spoke good of David unto Saul his father, and said unto him: 'Let not the king sin against his servant, against David; because he hath not sinned against thee, and because his work hath been very good towards thee;

Who acts: Jonathan, king, David, work · What happens: speak, say, not let, sin, not sin, be · To what, where: good, king · Speech: someone speaks here

This is 1 Samuel 19:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jonathan, king, David, work), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	3 spoke	cc
2	Jonathan	Jonathan	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 spoke	nsubj
3	spoke	speak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	good	good	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 spoke	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 David	case
6	David	David	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 spoke	obl
7	unto	unto	ADP	_	8 Saul	case
8	Saul	Saul	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 spoke	obl
9	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 father	nmod:poss
10	father	father	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 Saul	appos
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 said	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 said	cc
13	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 spoke	conj
14	unto	unto	ADP	_	15 him	case
15	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 said	obl
16	:	:	PUNCT	_	18 Let	punct
17	'	'	PUNCT	_	18 Let	punct
18	Let	let	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	13 said	ccomp
19	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	18 Let	advmod
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 king	det
21	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 Let	obj
22	sin	sin	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	18 Let	xcomp
23	against	against	ADP	_	25 servant	case
24	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	25 servant	nmod:poss
25	servant	servant	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 sin	obl
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 David	punct
27	against	against	ADP	_	28 David	case
28	David	David	PROPN	Number=Sing	22 sin	obl
29	;	;	PUNCT	_	34 sinned	punct
30	because	because	SCONJ	_	34 sinned	mark
31	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	34 sinned	nsubj
32	hath	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	34 sinned	aux
33	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	34 sinned	advmod
34	sinned	sin	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	22 sin	advcl
35	against	against	ADP	_	36 thee	case
36	thee	thou	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	34 sinned	obl
37	,	,	PUNCT	_	45 good	punct
38	and	and	CCONJ	_	45 good	cc
39	because	because	SCONJ	_	45 good	mark
40	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	41 work	nmod:poss
41	work	work	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 good	nsubj
42	hath	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	45 good	aux
43	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	45 good	cop
44	very	very	ADV	_	45 good	advmod
45	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 sinned	conj
46	towards	towards	ADP	_	47 thee	case
47	thee	thou	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	45 good	obl
48	;	;	PUNCT	_	13 said	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	speak speech: other	past	Jonathan	good	of David; unto Saul	tree rules
2	say speech: assert	past	Jonathan not said here		unto Saul	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	not let	infinitive		the king		tree rules
4	sin	infinitive	the king not said here		against Saul's servant; against David	vn rebel-71.2-1-1 «NP V PP.maleficiary»: agent=Agent against servant=Maleficiary
5	not sin	present · perfect	David		against thee	vn rebel-71.2-1-1 «NP V PP.maleficiary»: agent=Agent against thou=Maleficiary
6	is	present · perfect	David's work		towards thee; good property	tree rules
7	work		David			nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

וַיְדַבֵּ֨ר יְהוֹנָתָ֤ן בְּדָוִד֙ ט֔וֹב אֶל־שָׁא֖וּל אָבִ֑יו וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵ֠לָיו אַל־יֶחֱטָ֨א הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ בְּעַבְדּ֣וֹ בְדָוִ֗ד כִּ֣י ל֤וֹא חָטָא֙ לָ֔ךְ וְכִ֥י מַעֲשָׂ֖יו טוֹב־לְךָ֥ מְאֹֽד׃

1 Samuel 19:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1SA:551 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.551/