1 Samuel 20:3 · JPS 1917
And David swore moreover, and said: 'Thy father knoweth well that I have found favour in thine eyes; and he saith: Let not Jonathan know this, lest he be grieved; but truly as the LORD liveth, and as thy soul liveth, there is but a step between me and death.'
Who acts: David, father, I, Jonathan, LORD, soul · What happens: swear, say, know, find, not let, grieve · To what, where: favour, eyes, Jonathan, this, David · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 1 Samuel 20:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David, father, I, Jonathan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 swore | cc |
| 2 | David | David | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 swore | nsubj |
| 3 | swore | swear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | moreover | moreover | ADV | _ | 3 swore | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 said | cc |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 swore | conj |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 12 knoweth | punct |
| 9 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 12 knoweth | punct |
| 10 | Thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 11 father | nmod:poss |
| 11 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 knoweth | nsubj |
| 12 | knoweth | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 said | ccomp |
| 13 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 12 knoweth | advmod |
| 14 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 17 found | mark |
| 15 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 found | nsubj |
| 16 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 found | aux |
| 17 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 12 knoweth | ccomp |
| 18 | favour | favour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 found | obj |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 eyes | case |
| 20 | thine | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 21 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 21 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 found | obl |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 saith | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 saith | cc |
| 24 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 saith | nsubj |
| 25 | saith | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 swore | conj |
| 26 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 27 Let | punct |
| 27 | Let | let | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 saith | ccomp |
| 28 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 27 Let | advmod |
| 29 | Jonathan | Jonathan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 Let | obj |
| 30 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 Let | xcomp |
| 31 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 30 know | obj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 grieved | punct |
| 33 | lest | lest | SCONJ | _ | 36 grieved | mark |
| 34 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 grieved | nsubj:pass |
| 35 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 36 grieved | aux:pass |
| 36 | grieved | grieve | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 know | advcl |
| 37 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 52 is | punct |
| 38 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 52 is | cc |
| 39 | truly | truly | ADV | _ | 43 liveth | advmod |
| 40 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 43 liveth | mark |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 LORD | det |
| 42 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 43 liveth | nsubj |
| 43 | liveth | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 52 is | advcl |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 is | punct |
| 45 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 52 is | cc |
| 46 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 49 liveth | mark |
| 47 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 48 soul | nmod:poss |
| 48 | soul | soul | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 liveth | nsubj |
| 49 | liveth | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 52 is | advcl |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 liveth | punct |
| 51 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 52 is | expl |
| 52 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 swore | conj |
| 53 | but | but | ADV | _ | 55 step | advmod |
| 54 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 55 step | det |
| 55 | step | step | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 is | nsubj |
| 56 | between | between | ADP | _ | 57 me | case |
| 57 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 55 step | nmod |
| 58 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 59 death | cc |
| 59 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 me | conj |
| 60 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 swore | punct |
| 61 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 swore | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- evaluate
- voice
- character
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | swear | past | David | moreover property | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | David not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | know | present | Thy father | well property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | find | present · perfect | I | favour | thine eyes | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent favour=Topic | |||
| 5 | say speech: assert | past | David | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 6 | not let | infinitive | Jonathan | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | know | infinitive | Jonathan not said here | this | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer this=Stimulus | ||||
| 8 | grieve | infinitive · passive | David | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer | |||||
| 9 | live | present | the LORD | truly property | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 10 | live | present | thy soul | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 11 | be | present | a step between me | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיִּשָּׁבַ֨ע ע֜וֹד דָּוִ֗ד וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ יָדֹ֨עַ יָדַ֜ע אָבִ֗יךָ כִּֽי־מָצָ֤אתִי חֵן֙ בְּעֵינֶ֔יךָ וַיֹּ֛אמֶר אַל־יֵֽדַע־זֹ֥את יְהוֹנָתָ֖ן פֶּן־יֵֽעָצֵ֑ב וְאוּלָ֗ם חַי־יְהוָה֙ וְחֵ֣י נַפְשֶׁ֔ךָ כִּ֣י כְפֶ֔שַׂע בֵּינִ֖י וּבֵ֥ין הַמָּֽוֶת׃
1 Samuel 20:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1SA:578 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.578/