1 Samuel 23:18 · JPS 1917
And they two made a covenant before the LORD; and David abode in the wood, and Jonathan went to his house.
Who acts: strongholds, David, Jonathan · What happens: make, abide, go · To what, where: covenant, wood, house
This is 1 Samuel 23:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (strongholds, David, Jonathan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 made | cc |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 made | nsubj |
| 3 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 they | nmod |
| 4 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 covenant | det |
| 6 | covenant | covenant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 made | obj |
| 7 | before | before | ADP | _ | 9 LORD | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 LORD | det |
| 9 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 made | obl |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 13 abode | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 abode | cc |
| 12 | David | David | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 abode | nsubj |
| 13 | abode | abide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 made | conj |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 wood | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 wood | det |
| 16 | wood | wood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 abode | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 went | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 went | cc |
| 19 | Jonathan | Jonathan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 went | nsubj |
| 20 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 made | conj |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 house | case |
| 22 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 house | nmod:poss |
| 23 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 went | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 made | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=narrate
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past | strongholds = stronghold | a covenant | before the LORD | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset covenant=Product | |||
| 2 | abide | past | David | the wood | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | go | past | Jonathan | David's house | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to house=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיִּכְרְת֧וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֛ם בְּרִ֖ית לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וַיֵּ֤שֶׁב דָּוִד֙ בַּחֹ֔רְשָׁה וִיהוֹנָתָ֖ן הָלַ֥ךְ לְבֵיתֽוֹ׃ס
1 Samuel 23:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1SA:682 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.682/