1 Samuel 1:8 · JPS 1917

And Elkanah her husband said unto her: 'Hannah, why weepest thou? and why eatest thou not? and why is thy heart grieved? am not I better to thee than ten sons?'

Who acts: Elkanah, thou, I · What happens: say, weep, not eat, grieve, not be · To what, where: heart · Speech: someone speaks here

This is 1 Samuel 1:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Elkanah, thou, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	5 said	cc
2	Elkanah	Elkanah	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 said	nsubj
3	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 husband	nmod:poss
4	husband	husband	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Elkanah	appos
5	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	unto	unto	ADP	_	7 her	case
7	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 said	obl
8	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 Hannah	punct
9	'	'	PUNCT	_	10 Hannah	punct
10	Hannah	Hannah	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 weepest	vocative
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 weepest	punct
12	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	13 weepest	advmod
13	weepest	weep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 said	ccomp
14	thou	thou	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	13 weepest	nsubj
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	13 weepest	punct
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 eatest	cc
17	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	18 eatest	advmod
18	eatest	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 weepest	conj
19	thou	thou	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	18 eatest	nsubj
20	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	18 eatest	advmod
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	13 weepest	punct
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 grieved	cc
23	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	27 grieved	advmod
24	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 grieved	aux:pass
25	thy	thy	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch	26 heart	nmod:poss
26	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 grieved	nsubj:pass
27	grieved	grieve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 said	conj
28	?	?	PUNCT	_	32 better	punct
29	am	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	32 better	cop
30	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	32 better	advmod
31	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	32 better	nsubj
32	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 said	ccomp
33	to	to	ADP	_	34 thee	case
34	thee	thou	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	32 better	obl
35	than	than	ADP	_	37 sons	case
36	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	37 sons	nummod
37	sons	son	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 better	obl
38	?	?	PUNCT	_	32 better	punct
39	'	'	PUNCT	_	5 said	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
polarity: neg
indirect: yes
teacher: changed act=ask

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	Elkanah		unto Peninnah	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	weep	present	thou		Hannah vocative	vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	not eat	present	thou			vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	grieve	present · passive		thy heart		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer
5	not is	present	I		to thee; than ten sons; good property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר לָ֜הּ אֶלְקָנָ֣ה אִישָׁ֗הּ חַנָּה֙ לָ֣מֶה תִבְכִּ֗י וְלָ֙מֶה֙ לֹ֣א תֹֽאכְלִ֔י וְלָ֖מֶה יֵרַ֣ע לְבָבֵ֑ךְ הֲל֤וֹא אָֽנֹכִי֙ ט֣וֹב לָ֔ךְ מֵעֲשָׂרָ֖ה בָּנִֽים׃

1 Samuel 1:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1SA:8 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.8/