1 Samuel 30:22 · JPS 1917
Then answered all the wicked men and base fellows, of those that went with David, and said: 'Because they went not with us, we will not give them aught of the spoil that we have recovered, save to every man his wife and his children, that they may lead them away, and depart.'
Who acts: wicked men, David, we · What happens: answer, go, say, not go, not give, recover · To what, where: aught, David, spoil, wife, men · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 1 Samuel 30:22 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wicked men, David, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 2 answered | advmod |
| 2 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 6 men | det:predet |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 men | det |
| 5 | wicked | wicked | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 men | amod |
| 6 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 answered | nsubj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 fellows | cc |
| 8 | base | base | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 fellows | compound |
| 9 | fellows | fellow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 men | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 those | punct |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 those | case |
| 12 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 6 men | nmod |
| 13 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 went | nsubj |
| 14 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 those | acl:relcl |
| 15 | with | with | ADP | _ | 16 David | case |
| 16 | David | David | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 went | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 said | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 said | cc |
| 19 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 answered | conj |
| 20 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 32 give | punct |
| 21 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 32 give | punct |
| 22 | Because | because | SCONJ | _ | 24 went | mark |
| 23 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 went | nsubj |
| 24 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 give | advcl |
| 25 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 24 went | advmod |
| 26 | with | with | ADP | _ | 27 us | case |
| 27 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 24 went | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 give | punct |
| 29 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 32 give | nsubj |
| 30 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 give | aux |
| 31 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 32 give | advmod |
| 32 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 said | ccomp |
| 33 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 give | iobj |
| 34 | aught | aught | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 give | obj |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 spoil | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 spoil | det |
| 37 | spoil | spoil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 aught | nmod |
| 38 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 41 recovered | obj |
| 39 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 41 recovered | nsubj |
| 40 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 41 recovered | aux |
| 41 | recovered | recover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 37 spoil | acl:relcl |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 save | punct |
| 43 | save | save | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 give | conj |
| 44 | to | to | ADP | _ | 46 man | case |
| 45 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 46 man | det |
| 46 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 save | obl |
| 47 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 48 wife | nmod:poss |
| 48 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 save | obl:unmarked |
| 49 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 51 children | cc |
| 50 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 51 children | nmod:poss |
| 51 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 48 wife | conj |
| 52 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 56 lead | punct |
| 53 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 56 lead | mark |
| 54 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 56 lead | nsubj |
| 55 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 56 lead | aux |
| 56 | lead | lead | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 43 save | advcl |
| 57 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 56 lead | obj |
| 58 | away | away | ADV | _ | 56 lead | advmod |
| 59 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 61 depart | punct |
| 60 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 61 depart | cc |
| 61 | depart | depart | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 56 lead | conj |
| 62 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 answered | punct |
| 63 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 2 answered | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | answer speech: assert | past | all wicked men of those and base fellows | then | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | go | past | with David | vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with david=Beneficiary | |||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | all wicked men of those and base fellows not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | not go | past | David | with us | vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with we=Beneficiary | ||||
| 5 | not give | future | we | aught of the spoil | David | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient aught=Theme | |||
| 6 | recover | present · perfect | we | the spoil | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme | ||||
| 7 | save | infinitive | we not said here | Besor's wife and Besor's children | to every man | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||
| 8 | lead away | may | David | men = man | away property | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | |||
| 9 | depart | infinitive | David not said here | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיַּ֜עַן כָּל־אִֽישׁ־רָ֣ע וּבְלִיַּ֗עַל מֵֽהָאֲנָשִׁים֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הָלְכ֣וּ עִם־דָּוִד֒ וַיֹּאמְר֗וּ יַ֚עַן אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־הָלְכ֣וּ עִמִּ֔י לֹֽא־נִתֵּ֣ן לָהֶ֔ם מֵהַשָּׁלָ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר הִצַּ֑לְנוּ כִּֽי־אִם־אִ֤ישׁ אֶת־אִשְׁתּוֹ֙ וְאֶת־בָּנָ֔יו וְיִנְהֲג֖וּ וְיֵלֵֽכוּ׃ס
1 Samuel 30:22: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1SA:871 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.871/