2 Kings 2:16 · JPS 1917
And they said unto him: 'Behold now, there are with thy servants fifty strong men; let them go, we pray thee, and seek thy master; lest peradventure the spirit of the LORD hath taken him up, and cast him upon some mountain, or into some valley.' And he said: 'Ye shall not send.'
Who acts: sons, fifty strong men, we, spirit, Ye · What happens: say, be, let, go, pray, seek · To what, where: sons, thee, master, Elijah, mountain · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 2 Kings 2:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sons, fifty strong men, we, spirit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 said | cc |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 5 him | case |
| 5 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 said | obl |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 12 are | punct |
| 7 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 12 are | punct |
| 8 | Behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 12 are | discourse |
| 9 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 12 are | advmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 are | punct |
| 11 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 12 are | expl |
| 12 | are | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 said | ccomp |
| 13 | with | with | ADP | _ | 15 servants | case |
| 14 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 15 servants | nmod:poss |
| 15 | servants | servant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 are | obl |
| 16 | fifty | fifty | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 18 men | nummod |
| 17 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 men | amod |
| 18 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 are | nsubj |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 let | punct |
| 20 | let | let | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 said | parataxis |
| 21 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 let | obj |
| 22 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 let | xcomp |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 pray | punct |
| 24 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 25 pray | nsubj |
| 25 | pray | pray | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 let | parataxis |
| 26 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 25 pray | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 seek | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 seek | cc |
| 29 | seek | seek | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 let | conj |
| 30 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 31 master | nmod:poss |
| 31 | master | master | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 seek | obj |
| 32 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 41 taken | punct |
| 33 | lest | lest | SCONJ | _ | 41 taken | mark |
| 34 | peradventure | peradventure | ADV | _ | 41 taken | advmod |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 spirit | det |
| 36 | spirit | spirit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 taken | nsubj |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 LORD | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 LORD | det |
| 39 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 spirit | nmod |
| 40 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 41 taken | aux |
| 41 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 let | advcl |
| 42 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 taken | obj |
| 43 | up | up | ADP | _ | 41 taken | compound:prt |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 cast | punct |
| 45 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 cast | cc |
| 46 | cast | cast | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 41 taken | conj |
| 47 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 46 cast | obj |
| 48 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 50 mountain | case |
| 49 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 50 mountain | det |
| 50 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 cast | obl |
| 51 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 55 valley | punct |
| 52 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 55 valley | cc |
| 53 | into | into | ADP | _ | 55 valley | case |
| 54 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 55 valley | det |
| 55 | valley | valley | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 mountain | conj |
| 56 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
| 57 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
| 58 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 60 said | cc |
| 59 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 60 said | nsubj |
| 60 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 said | conj |
| 61 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 66 send | punct |
| 62 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 66 send | punct |
| 63 | Ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 66 send | nsubj |
| 64 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 66 send | aux |
| 65 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 66 send | advmod |
| 66 | send | send | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 60 said | ccomp |
| 67 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 66 send | punct |
| 68 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 66 send | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- changed form=decl, act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | sons = son | unto Elijah | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | does | present | fifty strong men | there | now | with thy servants | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||
| 3 | let | infinitive | sons = son | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | go | infinitive | sons = son not said here | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | pray | present | we | thee | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | seek | infinitive | thy master | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent master=Theme | |||||
| 7 | take up | present · perfect | the spirit of the LORD | Elijah | peradventure property | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument he=Destination | |||
| 8 | cast | infinitive | the spirit of the LORD not said here | Elijah | some mountain or some valley | vn throw-17.1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent he=Theme upon mountain=Destination | |||
| 9 | say speech: assert | past | spirit | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 10 | not send | shall | Ye | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ אֵלָ֡יו הִנֵּה־נָ֣א יֵֽשׁ־אֶת־עֲבָדֶיךָ֩ חֲמִשִּׁ֨ים אֲנָשִׁ֜ים בְּנֵֽי־חַ֗יִל יֵ֣לְכוּ נָא֮ וִיבַקְשׁ֣וּ אֶת־אֲדֹנֶיךָ֒ פֶּן־נְשָׂאוֹ֙ ר֣וּחַ יְהוָ֔ה וַיַּשְׁלִכֵ֙הוּ֙ בְּאַחַ֣ד הֶהָרִ֔ים א֖וֹ בְּאַחַ֣ת הַגֵּאָי֑וֹת וַיֹּ֖אמֶר לֹ֥א תִשְׁלָֽחוּ׃
2 Kings 2:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2KI:38 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.38/