2 Kings 12:18 · JPS 1917
Then Hazael king of Aram went up, and fought against Gath, and took it; and Hazael set his face to go up to Jerusalem.
Who acts: Hazael king, Hazael · What happens: go up, fight, take, set · To what, where: house, face, Jerusalem
This is 2 Kings 12:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hazael king, Hazael), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | _ | 6 went | advmod |
| 2 | Hazael | Hazael | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 king | compound |
| 3 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 went | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 Aram | case |
| 5 | Aram | Aram | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 king | nmod |
| 6 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | up | up | ADP | _ | 6 went | compound:prt |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 fought | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 fought | cc |
| 10 | fought | fight | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 went | conj |
| 11 | against | against | ADP | _ | 12 Gath | case |
| 12 | Gath | Gath | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 fought | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 took | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 took | cc |
| 15 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 went | conj |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 took | obj |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 set | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 set | cc |
| 19 | Hazael | Hazael | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 set | nsubj |
| 20 | set | set | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 went | conj |
| 21 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 face | nmod:poss |
| 22 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 set | obj |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 go | mark |
| 24 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 set | advcl |
| 25 | up | up | ADV | _ | 24 go | advmod |
| 26 | to | to | ADP | _ | 27 Jerusalem | case |
| 27 | Jerusalem | Jerusalem | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 go | obl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 went | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go up | past | Hazael king of Aram | then | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | fight | past | Hazael king of Aram not said here | against Gath | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | take | past | Hazael king of Aram not said here | house | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | ||||
| 4 | set | past | Hazael | Hazael's face | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient face=Result | ||||
| 5 | go up | to-infinitive | Hazael not said here | Jerusalem | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
אָ֣ז יַעֲלֶ֗ה חֲזָאֵל֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אֲרָ֔ם וַיִּלָּ֥חֶם עַל־גַּ֖ת וַֽיִּלְכְּדָ֑הּ וַיָּ֤שֶׂם חֲזָאֵל֙ פָּנָ֔יו לַעֲל֖וֹת עַל־יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם׃
2 Kings 12:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2KI:381 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.381/