2 Kings 2:19 · JPS 1917
And the men of the city said unto Elisha: 'Behold, we pray thee, the situation of this city is pleasant, as my lord seeth; but the water is bad, and the land miscarrieth.
Who acts: men, we, situation, lord, water, land · What happens: say, pray, be, see, miscarry · To what, where: thee · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 2 Kings 2:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, we, situation, lord), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 said | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 men | det |
| 3 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 said | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 city | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 city | det |
| 6 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 men | nmod |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 9 Elisha | case |
| 9 | Elisha | Elisha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 said | obl |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
| 11 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 15 pray | punct |
| 12 | Behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 15 pray | discourse |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 pray | punct |
| 14 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 15 pray | nsubj |
| 15 | pray | pray | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 said | ccomp |
| 16 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 15 pray | obj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 pleasant | punct |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 situation | det |
| 19 | situation | situation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 pleasant | nsubj |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 city | case |
| 21 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 22 city | det |
| 22 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 situation | nmod |
| 23 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 pleasant | cop |
| 24 | pleasant | pleasant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 pray | ccomp |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 seeth | punct |
| 26 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 29 seeth | mark |
| 27 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 lord | nmod:poss |
| 28 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 seeth | nsubj |
| 29 | seeth | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 pleasant | advcl |
| 30 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 35 bad | punct |
| 31 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 35 bad | cc |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 water | det |
| 33 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 bad | nsubj |
| 34 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 bad | cop |
| 35 | bad | bad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 pleasant | conj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 miscarrieth | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 miscarrieth | cc |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 land | det |
| 39 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 miscarrieth | nsubj |
| 40 | miscarrieth | miscarry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 bad | conj |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert, polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the men of the city | unto Elisha | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | pray | present | we | thee | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | is | present | the situation of this city | pleasant property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | see | present | my lord | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | is | present | the water | bad property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | miscarry | present | the land | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ אַנְשֵׁ֤י הָעִיר֙ אֶל־אֱלִישָׁ֔ע הִנֵּה־נָ֞א מוֹשַׁ֤ב הָעִיר֙ ט֔וֹב כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲדֹנִ֖י רֹאֶ֑ה וְהַמַּ֥יִם רָעִ֖ים וְהָאָ֥רֶץ מְשַׁכָּֽלֶת׃
2 Kings 2:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2KI:41 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.41/