2 Kings 14:26 · JPS 1917
For the LORD saw the affliction of Israel, that it was very bitter; for there was none shut up nor left at large, neither was there any helper for Israel.
Who acts: LORD, affliction, none, helper · What happens: see, be, shut up, leave, afflict · To what, where: affliction, Israel · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 2 Kings 14:26 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, affliction, none, helper), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | SCONJ | _ | 4 saw | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 LORD | det |
| 3 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 saw | nsubj |
| 4 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 affliction | det |
| 6 | affliction | affliction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 saw | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 Israel | case |
| 8 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 affliction | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 bitter | punct |
| 10 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 14 bitter | mark |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 bitter | nsubj |
| 12 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 bitter | cop |
| 13 | very | very | ADV | _ | 14 bitter | advmod |
| 14 | bitter | bitter | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 saw | ccomp |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 was | punct |
| 16 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 18 was | mark |
| 17 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 18 was | expl |
| 18 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 saw | advcl |
| 19 | none | none | PRON | PronType=Neg | 18 was | nsubj |
| 20 | shut | shut | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 none | acl |
| 21 | up | up | ADP | _ | 20 shut | compound:prt |
| 22 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 23 left | cc |
| 23 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 shut | conj |
| 24 | at | at | ADP | _ | 25 large | case |
| 25 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 left | xcomp |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 was | punct |
| 27 | neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 28 was | cc |
| 28 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 was | conj |
| 29 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 28 was | expl |
| 30 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 31 helper | det |
| 31 | helper | helper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 was | nsubj |
| 32 | for | for | ADP | _ | 33 Israel | case |
| 33 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 helper | nmod |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | the LORD | the affliction of Israel | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer affliction=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | is | past | affliction | bitter property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | be | past | none | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | shut up | participle | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | leave | participle | large property | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | be | past | any helper for Israel | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 7 | afflict | Israel | nom affliction «state transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
כִּי־רָאָ֧ה יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־עֳנִ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מֹרֶ֣ה מְאֹ֑ד וְאֶ֤פֶס עָצוּר֙ וְאֶ֣פֶס עָז֔וּב וְאֵ֥ין עֹזֵ֖ר לְיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
2 Kings 14:26: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2KI:443 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.443/