2 Kings 18:12 · JPS 1917
because they hearkened not to the voice of the LORD their God, but transgressed His covenant, even all that Moses the servant of the LORD commanded, and would not hear it, nor do it.
Who acts: Philistines, Moses, LORD · What happens: not hearken, transgress, command, not hear, covenant · To what, where: covenant · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 2 Kings 18:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Philistines, Moses, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 3 hearkened | mark |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 hearkened | nsubj |
| 3 | hearkened | hearken | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 3 hearkened | advmod |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 voice | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 voice | det |
| 7 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 hearkened | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 LORD | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 LORD | det |
| 10 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 voice | nmod |
| 11 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 God | nmod:poss |
| 12 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 LORD | appos |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 transgressed | punct |
| 14 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 15 transgressed | cc |
| 15 | transgressed | transgress | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 hearkened | conj |
| 16 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 covenant | nmod:poss |
| 17 | covenant | covenant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 transgressed | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 all | punct |
| 19 | even | even | ADV | _ | 20 all | advmod |
| 20 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 17 covenant | appos |
| 21 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 commanded | obj |
| 22 | Moses | Moses | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 commanded | nsubj |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 servant | det |
| 24 | servant | servant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 Moses | appos |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 LORD | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 LORD | det |
| 27 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 servant | nmod |
| 28 | commanded | command | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 all | acl:relcl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 hear | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 hear | cc |
| 31 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 33 hear | aux |
| 32 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 33 hear | advmod |
| 33 | hear | hear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 hearkened | conj |
| 34 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 hear | obj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 do | punct |
| 36 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 37 do | cc |
| 37 | do | do | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 33 hear | conj |
| 38 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 do | obj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 hearkened | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not hearken | past | Philistines | to the voice of the LORD | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | transgress | past | Philistines not said here | LORD's covenant | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | command | past | Moses | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | not hear | would | Philistines not said here | covenant | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | covenant | LORD | nom covenant «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
עַ֣ל ׀ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־שָׁמְע֗וּ בְּקוֹל֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֔ם וַיַּעַבְרוּ֙ אֶת־בְּרִית֔וֹ אֵ֚ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוָּ֔ה מֹשֶׁ֖ה עֶ֣בֶד יְהוָ֑ה וְלֹ֥א שָׁמְע֖וּ וְלֹ֥א עָשֽׂוּ׃פ
2 Kings 18:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2KI:561 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.561/