2 Samuel 1:25 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2
How are the mighty fallen in the midst of the battle!
What happens: fall · To what, where: mighty, midst
This is 2 Samuel 1:25 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | How | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 5 fallen | advmod |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 fallen | aux:pass |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 mighty | det |
| 4 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 fallen | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | fallen | fall | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 midst | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 midst | det |
| 8 | midst | midst | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 fallen | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 battle | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 battle | det |
| 11 | battle | battle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 midst | nmod |
| 12 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 5 fallen | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- exclamation
- act
- express
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- pos
- teacher
- changed act=express
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fall | present · passive | the mighty | the midst of the battle | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: subject=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
אֵ֚יךְ נָפְל֣וּ גִבֹּרִ֔ים בְּת֖וֹךְ הַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה יְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ן עַל־בָּמוֹתֶ֖יךָ חָלָֽל׃
2 Samuel 1:25: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- How are the mighty fallen in the midst of the battle!
- Jonathan upon thy high places is slain!
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:29 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.29/