2 Samuel 13:30 · JPS 1917

And it came to pass, while they were in the way, that the tidings came to David, saying: 'Absalom hath slain all the king's sons, and there is not one of them left.'

Who acts: daughters, tidings, Absalom, one · What happens: come, pass, be, say, slay, not be · To what, where: mule, way, David, sons · Speech: someone speaks here

This is 2 Samuel 13:30 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (daughters, tidings, Absalom, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	3 came	cc
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 came	expl
3	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 pass	mark
5	pass	pass	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 came	xcomp
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 way	punct
7	while	while	SCONJ	_	12 way	mark
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 way	nsubj
9	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 way	cop
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 way	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 way	det
12	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 came	advcl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 came	punct
14	that	that	SCONJ	_	17 came	mark
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 tidings	det
16	tidings	tiding	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 came	nsubj
17	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 came	csubj
18	to	to	ADP	_	19 David	case
19	David	David	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 came	obl
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 saying	punct
21	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	17 came	advcl
22	:	:	PUNCT	_	26 slain	punct
23	'	'	PUNCT	_	26 slain	punct
24	Absalom	Absalom	PROPN	Number=Sing	26 slain	nsubj
25	hath	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 slain	aux
26	slain	slay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	21 saying	ccomp
27	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	31 sons	det:predet
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 king	det
29	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 sons	nmod:poss
30	's	's	PART	_	29 king	case
31	sons	son	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 slain	obj
32	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 is	punct
33	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 is	cc
34	there	there	PRON	_	35 is	expl
35	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 slain	conj
36	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	35 is	advmod
37	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	35 is	nsubj
38	of	of	ADP	_	39 them	case
39	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	37 one	nmod
40	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	37 one	acl
41	.	.	PUNCT	_	26 slain	punct
42	'	'	PUNCT	_	26 slain	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed act=narrate, voice=narrator

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	come	past		mule		tree rules
2	pass	to-infinitive				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	is	past	daughters = daughter		the way	tree rules
4	come	past	the tidings		David	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to david=Initial_Location
5	say speech: assert	gerund	the tidings not said here			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
6	slay	present · perfect	Absalom	the king's sons		vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient
7	not be	present	one of tidings		there	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
8	leave	participle				vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

וַֽיְהִי֙ הֵ֣מָּה בַדֶּ֔רֶךְ וְהַשְּׁמֻעָ֣ה בָ֔אָה אֶל־דָּוִ֖ד לֵאמֹ֑ר הִכָּ֤ה אַבְשָׁלוֹם֙ אֶת־כָּל־בְּנֵ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְלֹֽא־נוֹתַ֥ר מֵהֶ֖ם אֶחָֽד׃ס

2 Samuel 13:30: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:372 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.372/