2 Samuel 15:20 · JPS 1917
Whereas thou camest but yesterday, should I this day make thee go up and down with us, seeing I go whither I may? return thou, and take back thy brethren with thee in kindness and truth.'
Who acts: thou, I, thee · What happens: come, make, go up, see, go, return · To what, where: thee, brethren, kindness · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 2 Samuel 15:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, I, thee), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Whereas | whereas | SCONJ | _ | 3 camest | mark |
| 2 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 3 camest | nsubj |
| 3 | camest | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 make | advcl |
| 4 | but | but | ADV | _ | 5 yesterday | advmod |
| 5 | yesterday | yesterday | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 camest | obl:unmarked |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 camest | punct |
| 7 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 make | aux |
| 8 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 11 make | nsubj |
| 9 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 10 day | det |
| 10 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 make | obl:unmarked |
| 11 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 12 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 11 make | obj |
| 13 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 make | xcomp |
| 14 | up | up | ADV | _ | 13 go | advmod |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 down | cc |
| 16 | down | down | ADV | _ | 14 up | conj |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 18 us | case |
| 18 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 13 go | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 seeing | punct |
| 20 | seeing | see | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 make | advcl |
| 21 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 22 go | nsubj |
| 22 | go | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 seeing | ccomp |
| 23 | whither | whither | ADV | PronType=Int | 22 go | advmod |
| 24 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 25 may | nsubj |
| 25 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 go | advcl |
| 26 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 11 make | punct |
| 27 | return | return | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 make | parataxis |
| 28 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 27 return | nsubj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 take | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 take | cc |
| 31 | take | take | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 27 return | conj |
| 32 | back | back | ADV | _ | 31 take | advmod |
| 33 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 34 brethren | nmod:poss |
| 34 | brethren | brethren | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 take | obj |
| 35 | with | with | ADP | _ | 36 thee | case |
| 36 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 31 take | obl |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 38 kindness | case |
| 38 | kindness | kindness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 take | obl |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 truth | cc |
| 40 | truth | truth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 kindness | conj |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 make | punct |
| 42 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 11 make | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- request
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- indirect
- yes
- teacher
- changed act=request
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | thou | yesterday | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | make | should | I | thee | day | tree rules | |||
| 3 | go up | infinitive | thee not said here | with us | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 4 | see | gerund | I not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | go | present | I | whither property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | return | infinitive | thou | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | take back | infinitive | thou not said here | thy brethren | kindness and truth | with thee | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent brethren=Value in kindness=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
תְּמ֣וֹל ׀ בּוֹאֶ֗ךָ וְהַיּ֞וֹם אֲנִֽיעֲךָ֤ עִמָּ֙נוּ֙ לָלֶ֔כֶת וַאֲנִ֣י הוֹלֵ֔ךְ עַ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־אֲנִ֖י הוֹלֵ֑ךְ שׁ֣וּב וְהָשֵׁ֧ב אֶת־אַחֶ֛יךָ עִמָּ֖ךְ חֶ֥סֶד וֶאֱמֶֽת׃
2 Samuel 15:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:439 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.439/