2 Samuel 16:9 · JPS 1917
Then said Abishai the son of Zeruiah unto the king: 'Why should this dead dog curse my lord the king? let me go over, I pray thee, and take off his head.'
Who acts: Abishai, dead dog, me, I · What happens: say, curse, let, go over, pray, take off · To what, where: lord, me, thee, head · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 2 Samuel 16:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Abishai, dead dog, me, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 2 said | advmod |
| 2 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | Abishai | Abishai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 said | nsubj |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 son | det |
| 5 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 Abishai | appos |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 Zeruiah | case |
| 7 | Zeruiah | Zeruiah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 son | nmod |
| 8 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 10 king | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 king | det |
| 10 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 said | obl |
| 11 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 2 said | punct |
| 12 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 18 curse | punct |
| 13 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 18 curse | advmod |
| 14 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 18 curse | aux |
| 15 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 17 dog | det |
| 16 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 dog | amod |
| 17 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 curse | nsubj |
| 18 | curse | curse | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 said | ccomp |
| 19 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 lord | nmod:poss |
| 20 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 curse | obj |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 king | det |
| 22 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 lord | appos |
| 23 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 18 curse | punct |
| 24 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 18 curse | parataxis |
| 25 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 24 let | obj |
| 26 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 let | xcomp |
| 27 | over | over | ADV | _ | 26 go | advmod |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 pray | punct |
| 29 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 30 pray | nsubj |
| 30 | pray | pray | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 let | parataxis |
| 31 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 30 pray | obj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 take | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 take | cc |
| 34 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 go | conj |
| 35 | off | off | ADP | _ | 34 take | compound:prt |
| 36 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 head | nmod:poss |
| 37 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 take | obj |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 24 let | punct |
| 39 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 24 let | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- wh-question
- act
- disagree
- voice
- character
- polarity
- neg
- indirect
- yes
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Abishai | then | unto the king | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||
| 2 | curse | should | this dead dog | my lord | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lord=Theme | ||||
| 3 | let | infinitive | me | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | go over | infinitive | me not said here | over property | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | pray | present | I | thee | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | take off | infinitive | me not said here | lord's head | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֲבִישַׁ֤י בֶּן־צְרוּיָה֙ אֶל־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ לָ֣מָּה יְקַלֵּ֞ל הַכֶּ֤לֶב הַמֵּת֙ הַזֶּ֔ה אֶת־אֲדֹנִ֖י הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ אֶעְבְּרָה־נָּ֖א וְאָסִ֥ירָה אֶת־רֹאשֽׁוֹ׃ס
2 Samuel 16:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:465 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.465/