2 Samuel 19:43 · JPS 1917
And all the men of Judah answered the men of Israel: 'Because the king is near of kin to us; wherefore then are ye angry for this matter? have we eaten at all of the king's cost? or hath any gift been given us?'
Who acts: men, king, ye, we · What happens: answer, be, eat, give, cost · To what, where: men, us, all, gift
This is 2 Samuel 19:43 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, king, ye, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 answered | cc |
| 2 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 4 men | det:predet |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 men | det |
| 4 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 answered | nsubj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 Judah | case |
| 6 | Judah | Judah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 men | nmod |
| 7 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 men | det |
| 9 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 answered | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 Israel | case |
| 11 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 men | nmod |
| 12 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 18 near | punct |
| 13 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 18 near | punct |
| 14 | Because | because | SCONJ | _ | 18 near | mark |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 king | det |
| 16 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 near | nsubj |
| 17 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 near | cop |
| 18 | near | near | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 angry | advcl |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 kin | case |
| 20 | kin | kin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 near | obl |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 us | case |
| 22 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 18 near | obl |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 angry | punct |
| 24 | wherefore | wherefore | ADV | PronType=Int | 28 angry | advmod |
| 25 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 28 angry | advmod |
| 26 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 angry | cop |
| 27 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 28 angry | nsubj |
| 28 | angry | angry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 answered | parataxis |
| 29 | for | for | ADP | _ | 31 matter | case |
| 30 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 31 matter | det |
| 31 | matter | matter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 angry | obl |
| 32 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 28 angry | punct |
| 33 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 eaten | aux |
| 34 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 35 eaten | nsubj |
| 35 | eaten | eat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 answered | parataxis |
| 36 | at | at | ADP | _ | 37 all | case |
| 37 | all | all | PRON | PronType=Tot | 35 eaten | obj |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 cost | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 king | det |
| 40 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 cost | nmod:poss |
| 41 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 40 king | case |
| 42 | cost | cost | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 all | nmod |
| 43 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 35 eaten | punct |
| 44 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 49 given | cc |
| 45 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 49 given | aux |
| 46 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 47 gift | det |
| 47 | gift | gift | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 given | nsubj:pass |
| 48 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 49 given | aux:pass |
| 49 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 35 eaten | conj |
| 50 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 49 given | iobj |
| 51 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 7 answered | punct |
| 52 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 7 answered | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- wh-question
- act
- ask
- voice
- character
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- changed act=ask
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | answer speech: assert | past | all men of Judah | the men of Israel | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent man=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | is | present | the king | us | of kin; near property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | is | present | ye | then | for this matter; angry, wherefore property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | eat | present · perfect | we | all | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent all=Patient | ||||
| 5 | give | present · perfect · passive | any gift | us | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient we=Theme | ||||
| 6 | cost | the king | nom cost «possession transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיַּעַן֩ כָּל־אִ֨ישׁ יְהוּדָ֜ה עַל־אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל כִּֽי־קָר֤וֹב הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ אֵלַ֔י וְלָ֤מָּה זֶּה֙ חָרָ֣ה לְךָ֔ עַל־הַדָּבָ֖ר הַזֶּ֑ה הֶאָכ֤וֹל אָכַ֙לְנוּ֙ מִן־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ אִם־נִשֵּׂ֥את נִשָּׂ֖א לָֽנוּ׃ס
2 Samuel 19:43: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:599 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.599/