2 Samuel 19:43 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: men, king, ye, we · What happens: answer, be, eat, give, cost · To what, where: men, us, all, gift

This is 2 Samuel 19:43 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, king, ye, we — and what happens in the verse to men, us, all, gift, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיַּעַן֩ כָּל־אִ֨ישׁ יְהוּדָ֜ה עַל־אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל כִּֽי־קָר֤וֹב הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ אֵלַ֔י וְלָ֤מָּה זֶּה֙ חָרָ֣ה לְךָ֔ עַל־הַדָּבָ֖ר הַזֶּ֑ה הֶאָכ֤וֹל אָכַ֙לְנוּ֙ מִן־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ אִם־נִשֵּׂ֥את נִשָּׂ֖א לָֽנוּ׃ס

And all the men of Judah answered the men of Israel: 'Because the king is near of kin to us; wherefore then are ye angry for this matter? have we eaten at all of the king's cost? or hath any gift been given us?'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּעַן֩	cc	and
2	יַּעַן֩	עָנָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he answered
3	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יַּעַן֩	nsubj	every
4	אִ֨ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 כָּל־	compound:smixut	(the) man
5	יְהוּדָ֜ה	יְהוּדָה	PROPN	_	4 אִ֨ישׁ	compound:smixut	of Judah
6	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	7 אִ֣ישׁ	case	to
7	אִ֣ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יַּעַן֩	obl	the man
8	יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	7 אִ֣ישׁ	compound:smixut	of Israel
9	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	10 קָר֤וֹב	mark	(dm)
10	קָר֤וֹב	קָרֹוב	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יַּעַן֩	advcl	[is] close
11	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙	det	the
12	מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 קָר֤וֹב	nsubj	king
13	אֵל	אֶל	ADP	_	14 ַ֔י	case	to
14	ַ֔י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	10 קָר֤וֹב	obl	me
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 מָּה	cc	and
16	לָ֤	לָמָה	ADP	_	17 מָּה	case
17	מָּה	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	2 יַּעַן֩	conj	why?
18	זֶּה֙	זֶה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	17 מָּה	nsubj	this
19	חָרָ֣ה	חָרָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	18 זֶּה֙	acl	has it burned
20	ל	לְ	ADP	_	21 ְךָ֔	case	to
21	ְךָ֔	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	19 חָרָ֣ה	obl	you
22	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	24 דָּבָ֖ר	case	on
23	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	24 דָּבָ֖ר	det	the
24	דָּבָ֖ר	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 חָרָ֣ה	obl	matter
25	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	26 זֶּ֑ה	det	(the)
26	זֶּ֑ה	זֶה	DET	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	24 דָּבָ֖ר	det	this
27	הֶ	הַ	PART	_	29 אָכַ֙לְנוּ֙	advmod	ever
28	אָכ֤וֹל	אָכַל	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	29 אָכַ֙לְנוּ֙	obl:npmod	(eat)?
29	אָכַ֙לְנוּ֙	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1	2 יַּעַן֩	parataxis	have we eaten
30	מִן־	מִן	ADP	_	32 מֶּ֔לֶךְ	case	from
31	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	32 מֶּ֔לֶךְ	det	the
32	מֶּ֔לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	29 אָכַ֙לְנוּ֙	obl	king
33	אִם־	אִם	SCONJ	_	35 נִשָּׂ֖א	mark	or?
34	נִשֵּׂ֥את	נשׂא	VERB	HebBinyan=NIPHAL	35 נִשָּׂ֖א	obl:npmod	ever (be taken away)
35	נִשָּׂ֖א	נָשָׂא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	29 אָכַ֙לְנוּ֙	parataxis	has it been taken away
36	ל	לְ	ADP	_	37 ָֽנוּ	case	by
37	ָֽנוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	35 נִשָּׂ֖א	obl	us
38	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	37 ָֽנוּ	punct
39	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	37 ָֽנוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יַּעַן he answered	wayyiqtol · qal	אִישׁ (the) man
חָרָה has it burned	qatal · qal
אָכַלְנוּ have we eaten	qatal · qal	אִישׁ (the) man

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲתֵיב כָּל אֱנַשׁ יְהוּדָה עַל אֱנַשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲרֵי קָרִיב לִי מַלְכָּא מִדִילָךְ וּלְמָה דְנַן תְּקוֹף לָךְ עַל פִתְגָמָא הָדֵין הֲמֵיכַל אֲכִילְנָא מִנִכְסֵי מַלְכָּא אִם מַתְּנָא מַנֵי לָנָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And all the men of Judah answered the men of Israel: 'Because the king is near of kin to us; wherefore then are ye angry for this matter? have we eaten at all of the king's cost? or hath any gift been given us?'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:530.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.43/