2 Samuel 21:10 · JPS 1917

And Rizpah the daughter of Aiah took sackcloth, and spread it for her upon the rock, from the beginning of harvest until water was poured upon them from heaven; and she suffered neither the birds of the air to rest on them by day, nor the beasts of the field by night.

Who acts: Rizpah, Aiah · What happens: take, spread, pour, suffer, rest, begin · To what, where: sackcloth, beginning, water, heaven, birds, harvest

This is 2 Samuel 21:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rizpah, Aiah), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	7 took	cc
2	Rizpah	Rizpah	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 took	nsubj
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 daughter	det
4	daughter	daughter	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Rizpah	appos
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 Aiah	case
6	Aiah	Aiah	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 daughter	nmod
7	took	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	sackcloth	sackcloth	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 took	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 spread	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 spread	cc
11	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 took	conj
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 spread	obj
13	for	for	ADP	_	14 her	case
14	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 spread	obl
15	upon	upon	ADP	_	17 rock	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 rock	det
17	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 spread	obl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 beginning	punct
19	from	from	ADP	_	21 beginning	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 beginning	det
21	beginning	beginning	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 spread	obl
22	of	of	ADP	_	23 harvest	case
23	harvest	harvest	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 beginning	nmod
24	until	until	SCONJ	_	27 poured	mark
25	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 poured	nsubj:pass
26	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	27 poured	aux:pass
27	poured	pour	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 spread	advcl
28	upon	upon	ADP	_	29 them	case
29	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 poured	obl
30	from	from	ADP	_	31 heaven	case
31	heaven	heaven	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 poured	obl
32	;	;	PUNCT	_	35 suffered	punct
33	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 suffered	cc
34	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	35 suffered	nsubj
35	suffered	suffer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 took	conj
36	neither	neither	CCONJ	Polarity=Neg	38 birds	cc:preconj
37	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	38 birds	det
38	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 suffered	obj
39	of	of	ADP	_	41 air	case
40	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	41 air	det
41	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 birds	nmod
42	to	to	PART	_	43 rest	mark
43	rest	rest	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	38 birds	acl
44	on	on	ADP	_	45 them	case
45	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	43 rest	obl
46	by	by	ADP	_	47 day	case
47	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 rest	obl
48	,	,	PUNCT	_	51 beasts	punct
49	nor	nor	CCONJ	Polarity=Neg	51 beasts	cc
50	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	51 beasts	det
51	beasts	beast	NOUN	Number=Plur	38 birds	conj
52	of	of	ADP	_	54 field	case
53	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	54 field	det
54	field	field	NOUN	Number=Sing	51 beasts	nmod
55	by	by	ADP	_	56 night	case
56	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 rest	obl
57	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 took	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take	past	Rizpah	sackcloth				vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sackcloth=Theme
2	spread	past	Rizpah not said here	sackcloth		from the beginning of harvest	for Aiah; upon the rock	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme upon rock=Destination
3	pour	past · passive		water	heaven		upon Rizpah	vn pour-9.5 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: subject=Theme from heaven=Initial_Location
4	suffer	past	Aiah	the birds of the air nor the beasts of the field				vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bird=Stimulus
5	rest	to-infinitive	Aiah not said here	the birds of the air nor the beasts of the field not said here		day; night	on Rizpah	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on they=Location
6	begin			harvest				nom beginning «event transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

וַתִּקַּ֣ח רִצְפָּה֩ בַת־אַיָּ֨ה אֶת־הַשַּׂ֜ק וַתַּטֵּ֨הוּ לָ֤הּ אֶל־הַצּוּר֙ מִתְּחִלַּ֣ת קָצִ֔יר עַ֛ד נִתַּךְ־מַ֥יִם עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם מִן־הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם וְלֹֽא־נָתְנָה֩ ע֨וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֜יִם לָנ֤וּחַ עֲלֵיהֶם֙ יוֹמָ֔ם וְאֶת־חַיַּ֥ת הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה לָֽיְלָה׃

2 Samuel 21:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2SA:644 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.644/