Ezekiel 36:4 · JPS 1917
therefore, ye mountains of Israel, hear the word of the Lord GOD: Thus saith the Lord GOD to the mountains and to the hills, to the streams and to the valleys, to the desolate wastes and to the cities that are forsaken, which are become a prey and derision to the residue of the nations that are round about;
Who acts: Lord GOD, nations · What happens: hear, say, forsake, become, be, word · To what, where: word, mountains, cities, Lord GOD · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Ezekiel 36:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lord GOD, nations), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 8 hear | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 therefore | punct |
| 3 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 4 mountains | det |
| 4 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 hear | vocative |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 Israel | case |
| 6 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 mountains | nmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 mountains | punct |
| 8 | hear | hear | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 word | det |
| 10 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 hear | obj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 GOD | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 GOD | det |
| 13 | Lord | Lord | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 GOD | compound |
| 14 | GOD | GOD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 word | nmod |
| 15 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 17 saith | punct |
| 16 | Thus | thus | ADV | _ | 17 saith | advmod |
| 17 | saith | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 hear | parataxis |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 GOD | det |
| 19 | Lord | Lord | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 GOD | compound |
| 20 | GOD | GOD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 saith | nsubj |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 mountains | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 mountains | det |
| 23 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 saith | obl |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 hills | cc |
| 25 | to | to | ADP | _ | 27 hills | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 hills | det |
| 27 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 mountains | conj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 streams | punct |
| 29 | to | to | ADP | _ | 31 streams | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 streams | det |
| 31 | streams | stream | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 mountains | conj |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 valleys | cc |
| 33 | to | to | ADP | _ | 35 valleys | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 valleys | det |
| 35 | valleys | valley | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 streams | conj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 wastes | punct |
| 37 | to | to | ADP | _ | 40 wastes | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 wastes | det |
| 39 | desolate | desolate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 wastes | amod |
| 40 | wastes | waste | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 mountains | conj |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 cities | cc |
| 42 | to | to | ADP | _ | 44 cities | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 cities | det |
| 44 | cities | city | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 wastes | conj |
| 45 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 47 forsaken | nsubj:pass |
| 46 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 47 forsaken | aux:pass |
| 47 | forsaken | forsake | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 44 cities | acl:relcl |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 become | punct |
| 49 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 51 become | nsubj:pass |
| 50 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 51 become | aux:pass |
| 51 | become | become | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 44 cities | acl:relcl |
| 52 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 53 prey | det |
| 53 | prey | prey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 become | xcomp |
| 54 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 55 derision | cc |
| 55 | derision | derision | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 prey | conj |
| 56 | to | to | ADP | _ | 58 residue | case |
| 57 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 58 residue | det |
| 58 | residue | residue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 become | obl |
| 59 | of | of | ADP | _ | 61 nations | case |
| 60 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 61 nations | det |
| 61 | nations | nation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 58 residue | nmod |
| 62 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 64 round | nsubj |
| 63 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 64 round | cop |
| 64 | round | round | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 61 nations | acl:relcl |
| 65 | about | about | ADV | _ | 64 round | advmod |
| 66 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 saith | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- other
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=other
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | present | the word of the Lord GOD | ye mountains of Israel vocative; therefore property | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | present | the Lord GOD | the mountains and the hills and the streams and the valleys and the desolate wastes and the cities | thus property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to mountain=Recipient | |||
| 3 | forsake | present · passive | the cities | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | become | present · passive | the cities | to the residue of the nations | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result | ||||
| 5 | is | present | the nations | about, round property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | word | the Lord GOD | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
לָכֵן֙ הָרֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שִׁמְע֖וּ דְּבַר־אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה כֹּֽה־אָמַ֣ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְ֠הוִה לֶהָרִ֨ים וְלַגְּבָע֜וֹת לָאֲפִיקִ֣ים וְלַגֵּאָי֗וֹת וְלֶחֳרָב֤וֹת הַשֹּֽׁמְמוֹת֙ וְלֶעָרִ֣ים הַנֶּעֱזָב֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֨ר הָי֤וּ לְבַז֙ וּלְלַ֔עַג לִשְׁאֵרִ֥ית הַגּוֹיִ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר מִסָּבִֽיב׃ס
Ezekiel 36:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EZK:933 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.933/