Hosea 13:2 · JPS 1917

And now they sin more and more, and have made them molten images of their silver, according to their own understanding, even idols, all of them the work of the craftsmen; of them they say: 'They that sacrifice men kiss calves.'

Who acts: they, images, craftsmen · What happens: sin, make, accord, say, sacrifice, kiss · To what, where: molten images, them, men, calves, silver · Speech: someone speaks here

This is Hosea 13:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (they, images, craftsmen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	4 sin	cc
2	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 sin	advmod
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 sin	nsubj
4	sin	sin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 sin	advmod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 more	cc
7	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	5 more	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 made	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 made	cc
10	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 made	aux
11	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 sin	conj
12	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 made	iobj
13	molten	molten	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 images	amod
14	images	image	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 made	obj
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 silver	case
16	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 silver	nmod:poss
17	silver	silver	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 images	nmod
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 understanding	punct
19	according	accord	VERB	ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	23 understanding	case
20	to	to	ADP	_	19 according	fixed
21	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 understanding	nmod:poss
22	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 understanding	amod
23	understanding	understanding	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 made	obl
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 idols	punct
25	even	even	ADV	_	26 idols	advmod
26	idols	idol	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 images	appos
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 all	punct
28	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	26 idols	det
29	of	of	ADP	_	30 them	case
30	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 all	nmod
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	32 work	det
32	work	work	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 images	appos
33	of	of	ADP	_	35 craftsmen	case
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 craftsmen	det
35	craftsmen	craftsman	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 work	nmod
36	;	;	PUNCT	_	40 say	punct
37	of	of	ADP	_	38 them	case
38	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	40 say	obl
39	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	40 say	nsubj
40	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 sin	parataxis
41	:	:	PUNCT	_	47 kiss	punct
42	'	'	PUNCT	_	47 kiss	punct
43	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	47 kiss	nsubj
44	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	45 sacrifice	nsubj
45	sacrifice	sacrifice	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	43 They	acl:relcl
46	men	man	NOUN	Number=Plur	45 sacrifice	obj
47	kiss	kiss	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	40 say	ccomp
48	calves	calf	NOUN	Number=Plur	47 kiss	obj
49	.	.	PUNCT	_	40 say	punct
50	'	'	PUNCT	_	40 say	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	when	other	roles by
1	sin	present	they			now		vn rebel-71.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	make	present · perfect	they not said here	molten images of images's silver	them = they		accord images's own understanding	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset they=Beneficiary image=Product
3	accord	gerund						vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent
4	say speech: assert	present	images = image				of images = image	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
5	sacrifice	present		men				vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent man=Theme
6	kiss	present	images = image	calves				vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent calf=Co-Agent
7	image			images's silver				nom image «cognition transitive»: of=patient
8	understand		images = image					nom understanding «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
9	work		the craftsmen					nom work «act intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

וְעַתָּ֣ה ׀ יוֹסִ֣פוּ לַחֲטֹ֗א וַיַּעְשׂ֣וּ לָהֶם֩ מַסֵּכָ֨ה מִכַּסְפָּ֤ם כִּתְבוּנָם֙ עֲצַבִּ֔ים מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה חָרָשִׁ֖ים כֻּלֹּ֑ה לָהֶם֙ הֵ֣ם אֹמְרִ֔ים זֹבְחֵ֣י אָדָ֔ם עֲגָלִ֖ים יִשָּׁקֽוּן׃

Hosea 13:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:HOS:186 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.186/