Hosea 13:3 · JPS 1917
Therefore they shall be as the morning cloud, and as the dew that early passeth away, as the chaff that is driven with the wind out of the threshing-floor, and as the smoke out of the window.
Who acts: images, dew · What happens: be, pass away, drive · To what, where: chaff, threshing floor
This is Hosea 13:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (images, dew), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 8 cloud | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 cloud | nsubj |
| 3 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 cloud | aux |
| 4 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 8 cloud | cop |
| 5 | as | as | ADP | _ | 8 cloud | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 cloud | det |
| 7 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 cloud | compound |
| 8 | cloud | cloud | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 dew | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 dew | cc |
| 11 | as | as | ADP | _ | 13 dew | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 dew | det |
| 13 | dew | dew | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 cloud | conj |
| 14 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 passeth | nsubj |
| 15 | early | early | ADV | Degree=Pos | 16 passeth | advmod |
| 16 | passeth | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 dew | acl:relcl |
| 17 | away | away | ADV | _ | 16 passeth | advmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 chaff | punct |
| 19 | as | as | ADP | _ | 21 chaff | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 chaff | det |
| 21 | chaff | chaff | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 cloud | conj |
| 22 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 24 driven | nsubj:pass |
| 23 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 driven | aux:pass |
| 24 | driven | drive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 chaff | acl:relcl |
| 25 | with | with | ADP | _ | 27 wind | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 wind | det |
| 27 | wind | wind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 driven | obl |
| 28 | out | out | ADP | _ | 33 floor | case |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 out | fixed |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 floor | det |
| 31 | threshing | threshing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 floor | compound |
| 32 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 31 threshing | punct |
| 33 | floor | floor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 driven | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 smoke | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 smoke | cc |
| 36 | as | as | ADP | _ | 38 smoke | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 smoke | det |
| 38 | smoke | smoke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 cloud | conj |
| 39 | out | out | ADP | _ | 42 window | case |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 out | fixed |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 window | det |
| 42 | window | window | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 smoke | nmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 cloud | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | shall | images = image | as the morning cloud and the dew and the chaff and the smoke out the window; therefore property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | pass away | present | the dew | away, early property | vn die-42.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 3 | drive | present · passive | the chaff | the threshing floor | with the wind | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme out floor=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
לָכֵ֗ן יִֽהְיוּ֙ כַּעֲנַן־בֹּ֔קֶר וְכַטַּ֖ל מַשְׁכִּ֣ים הֹלֵ֑ךְ כְּמֹץ֙ יְסֹעֵ֣ר מִגֹּ֔רֶן וּכְעָשָׁ֖ן מֵאֲרֻבָּֽה׃
Hosea 13:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:HOS:187 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.187/