Hosea 4:13 · JPS 1917
They sacrifice upon the tops of the mountains, and offer upon the hills, under oaks and poplars and terebinths, because the shadow thereof is good; therefore your daughters commit harlotry, and your daughters-in-law commit adultery.
Who acts: people, shadow, daughters · What happens: sacrifice, offer, be, commit · To what, where: oaks, harlotry, adultery
This is Hosea 4:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, shadow, daughters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 sacrifice | nsubj |
| 2 | sacrifice | sacrifice | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 5 tops | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 tops | det |
| 5 | tops | top | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 sacrifice | obl |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 mountains | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 mountains | det |
| 8 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 tops | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 offer | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 offer | cc |
| 11 | offer | offer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 sacrifice | conj |
| 12 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 14 hills | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 hills | det |
| 14 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 offer | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 oaks | punct |
| 16 | under | under | ADP | _ | 17 oaks | case |
| 17 | oaks | oak | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 offer | obl |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 poplars | cc |
| 19 | poplars | poplar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 oaks | conj |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 terebinths | cc |
| 21 | terebinths | terebinth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 oaks | conj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 good | punct |
| 23 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 28 good | mark |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 shadow | det |
| 25 | shadow | shadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 good | nsubj |
| 26 | thereof | thereof | ADV | _ | 25 shadow | advmod |
| 27 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 good | cop |
| 28 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 offer | advcl |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 33 commit | punct |
| 30 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 33 commit | advmod |
| 31 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 daughters | nmod:poss |
| 32 | daughters | daughter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 commit | nsubj |
| 33 | commit | commit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 good | conj |
| 34 | harlotry | harlotry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 commit | obj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 commit | punct |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 commit | cc |
| 37 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 38 daughters | nmod:poss |
| 38 | daughters | daughter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 commit | nsubj |
| 39 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 42 law | punct |
| 40 | in | in | ADP | _ | 42 law | case |
| 41 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 40 in | punct |
| 42 | law | law | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 daughters | nmod |
| 43 | commit | commit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 commit | conj |
| 44 | adultery | adultery | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 commit | obj |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 sacrifice | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- pos
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sacrifice | present | people | upon the tops of the mountains | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | offer | present | people not said here | oaks and poplars and terebinths | upon the hills | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | |||
| 3 | is | present | the shadow | good property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | commit | present | your daughters | harlotry | therefore property | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent harlotry=Theme | |||
| 5 | commit | present | your daughters in law | adultery | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent adultery=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
עַל־רָאשֵׁ֨י הֶהָרִ֜ים יְזַבֵּ֗חוּ וְעַל־הַגְּבָעוֹת֙ יְקַטֵּ֔רוּ תַּ֣חַת אַלּ֧וֹן וְלִבְנֶ֛ה וְאֵלָ֖ה כִּ֣י ט֣וֹב צִלָּ֑הּ עַל־כֵּ֗ן תִּזְנֶ֙ינָה֙ בְּנ֣וֹתֵיכֶ֔ם וְכַלּוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם תְּנָאַֽפְנָה׃
Hosea 4:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:HOS:52 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.52/