Isaiah 51:19 · JPS 1917
These two things are befallen thee; who shall bemoan thee? desolation and destruction, and the famine and the sword; how shall I comfort thee?
Who acts: I · What happens: befall, bemoan, comfort · To what, where: two things, thee
This is Isaiah 51:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | These | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 3 things | det |
| 2 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 things | nummod |
| 3 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 befallen | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 befallen | aux:pass |
| 5 | befallen | befall | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 5 befallen | obj |
| 7 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 10 bemoan | punct |
| 8 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Int | 10 bemoan | nsubj |
| 9 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 10 bemoan | aux |
| 10 | bemoan | bemoan | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 befallen | parataxis |
| 11 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 10 bemoan | obj |
| 12 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 10 bemoan | punct |
| 13 | desolation | desolation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 befallen | parataxis |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 destruction | cc |
| 15 | destruction | destruction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 desolation | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 famine | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 famine | cc |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 famine | det |
| 19 | famine | famine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 desolation | conj |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 sword | cc |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 sword | det |
| 22 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 famine | conj |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 comfort | punct |
| 24 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 27 comfort | advmod |
| 25 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 27 comfort | aux |
| 26 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 27 comfort | nsubj |
| 27 | comfort | comfort | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 befallen | parataxis |
| 28 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 27 comfort | obj |
| 29 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 befallen | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- wh-question
- act
- ask
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | befall | present · passive | this two things | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | bemoan | shall | thee | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | comfort | shall | I | thee | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus thou=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
שְׁתַּ֤יִם הֵ֙נָּה֙ קֹֽרְאֹתַ֔יִךְ מִ֖י יָנ֣וּד לָ֑ךְ הַשֹּׁ֧ד וְהַשֶּׁ֛בֶר וְהָרָעָ֥ב וְהַחֶ֖רֶב מִ֥י אֲנַחֲמֵֽךְ׃
Isaiah 51:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:1151 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1151/