Isaiah 51:19 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: I · What happens: befall, bemoan, comfort · To what, where: two things, thee

This is Isaiah 51:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I — and what happens in the verse to two things, thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

שְׁתַּ֤יִם הֵ֙נָּה֙ קֹֽרְאֹתַ֔יִךְ מִ֖י יָנ֣וּד לָ֑ךְ הַשֹּׁ֧ד וְהַשֶּׁ֛בֶר וְהָרָעָ֥ב וְהַחֶ֖רֶב מִ֥י אֲנַחֲמֵֽךְ׃

These two things are befallen thee; who shall bemoan thee? desolation and destruction, and the famine and the sword; how shall I comfort thee?

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	שְׁתַּ֤יִם	שְׁנַיִם	NUM	Gender=Fem Number=Dual	root	root	two [things]
2	הֵ֙נָּה֙	הֵנָּה	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 קֹֽרְאֹתַ֔י	nsubj	those
3	קֹֽרְאֹתַ֔י	קָרָא	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	1 שְׁתַּ֤יִם	parataxis	[have] happened
4	ִךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	3 קֹֽרְאֹתַ֔י	nmod:poss	to you
5	מִ֖י	מִי	PRON	PronType=Int	6 יָנ֣וּד	nsubj	who?
6	יָנ֣וּד	נוּד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 קֹֽרְאֹתַ֔י	ccomp	does he show sympathy
7	ל	לְ	ADP	_	8 ָ֑ךְ	case	to
8	ָ֑ךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	6 יָנ֣וּד	obl	you
9	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 שֹּׁ֧ד	det	the
10	שֹּׁ֧ד	שֹׁד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 יָנ֣וּד	parataxis	devastation
11	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 שֶּׁ֛בֶר	cc	and
12	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 שֶּׁ֛בֶר	det	the
13	שֶּׁ֛בֶר	שֶׁבֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 שֹּׁ֧ד	conj	destruction
14	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 רָעָ֥ב	cc	and
15	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 רָעָ֥ב	det	the
16	רָעָ֥ב	רָעָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 שֹּׁ֧ד	conj	famine
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 חֶ֖רֶב	cc	and
18	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	19 חֶ֖רֶב	det	the
19	חֶ֖רֶב	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	16 רָעָ֥ב	conj	sword
20	מִ֥י	מִי	PRON	PronType=Int	21 אֲנַחֲמ	nsubj	who?
21	אֲנַחֲמ	נָחַם	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=1	6 יָנ֣וּד	parataxis	do
22	ֵֽךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	21 אֲנַחֲמ	obj	I comfort you
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 ֵֽךְ	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
קֹֽרְאֹתַי [have] happened	participle active · qal	שְׁתַּיִם two [things]	ִךְ to you
יָנוּד does he show sympathy	yiqtol · qal	מִי who?
אֲנַחֲמ do	yiqtol · piel	מִי who?	ֵֽךְ I comfort you

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

תַּרְתֵּין עָקָן אָתָאָה עֲלָךְ יְרוּשְׁלֵם לָא יְכֵילֵית לְמֵיקָם כַּד אַרְבַּע יֵיתוּן עֲלָךְ בִּיזָא וּתְבָרָא וְכַפְנָא וְחַרְבָּא לֵית דִי מְנַחֲמֵיךְ אֱלָהֵין אֲנָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

These two things are befallen thee; who shall bemoan thee? desolation and destruction, and the famine and the sword; how shall I comfort thee?

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:1037.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.51.19/