Isaiah 58:1 · JPS 1917
Cry aloud, spare not, lift up thy voice like a horn, and declare unto My people their transgression, and to the house of Jacob their sins.
Who acts: you, people · What happens: cry, not spare, lift up, declare, transgress · To what, where: voice, transgression, house
This is Isaiah 58:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cry | cry | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | aloud | aloud | ADV | _ | 1 Cry | advmod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 spare | punct |
| 4 | spare | spare | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Cry | conj |
| 5 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 spare | advmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 lift | punct |
| 7 | lift | lift | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Cry | conj |
| 8 | up | up | ADP | _ | 7 lift | compound:prt |
| 9 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 10 voice | nmod:poss |
| 10 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 lift | obj |
| 11 | like | like | ADP | _ | 13 horn | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 horn | det |
| 13 | horn | horn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 lift | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 declare | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 declare | cc |
| 16 | declare | declare | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Cry | conj |
| 17 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 19 people | case |
| 18 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 people | nmod:poss |
| 19 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 declare | obl |
| 20 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 transgression | nmod:poss |
| 21 | transgression | transgression | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 declare | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 house | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 house | cc |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 house | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 house | det |
| 26 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 declare | obl |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 Jacob | case |
| 28 | Jacob | Jacob | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 house | nmod |
| 29 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 sins | nmod:poss |
| 30 | sins | sin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 house | nmod |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Cry | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- changed act=request
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cry speech: express | imperative | you not said here | aloud property | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | not spare | infinitive | you not said here | vn bill-54.5 «NP V NP NP.asset»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | lift up | infinitive | you not said here | thy voice | like a horn | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent voice=Theme | |||
| 4 | declare speech: other | infinitive | you not said here | people's transgression | the house of Jacob people's sins | unto My people | vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent transgression=Theme to house=Recipient | ||
| 5 | transgress | people | nom transgression «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
קְרָ֤א בְגָרוֹן֙ אַל־תַּחְשֹׂ֔ךְ כַּשּׁוֹפָ֖ר הָרֵ֣ם קוֹלֶ֑ךָ וְהַגֵּ֤ד לְעַמִּי֙ פִּשְׁעָ֔ם וּלְבֵ֥ית יַעֲקֹ֖ב חַטֹּאתָֽם׃
Isaiah 58:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:1257 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1257/