Isaiah 59:12 · JPS 1917
For our transgressions are multiplied before Thee, and our sins testify against us; for our transgressions are present to us, and as for our iniquities, we know them:
Who acts: sins, transgressions, we, our · What happens: multiply, testify, be, know, transgress · To what, where: transgressions, us
This is Isaiah 59:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sins, transgressions, we, our), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | CCONJ | _ | 5 multiplied | cc |
| 2 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 transgressions | nmod:poss |
| 3 | transgressions | transgression | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 multiplied | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 multiplied | aux:pass |
| 5 | multiplied | multiply | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | before | before | ADP | _ | 7 Thee | case |
| 7 | Thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 5 multiplied | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 testify | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 testify | cc |
| 10 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 sins | nmod:poss |
| 11 | sins | sin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 testify | nsubj |
| 12 | testify | testify | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 multiplied | conj |
| 13 | against | against | ADP | _ | 14 us | case |
| 14 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 12 testify | obl |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 present | punct |
| 16 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 20 present | mark |
| 17 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 transgressions | nmod:poss |
| 18 | transgressions | transgression | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 present | nsubj |
| 19 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 present | cop |
| 20 | present | present | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 multiplied | conj |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 us | case |
| 22 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 20 present | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 know | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 know | cc |
| 25 | as | as | ADP | _ | 28 iniquities | case |
| 26 | for | for | ADP | _ | 25 as | fixed |
| 27 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 iniquities | nmod:poss |
| 28 | iniquities | iniquity | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 know | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 iniquities | punct |
| 30 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 31 know | nsubj |
| 31 | know | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 present | conj |
| 32 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 know | obj |
| 33 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 5 multiplied | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | multiply | present · passive | our transgressions | before Thee | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | testify speech: other | present | our sins | against us | vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | is | present | our transgressions | us | present property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | know | present | we | transgressions = transgression | as our iniquities | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus as iniquity=Attribute | |||
| 5 | transgress | our | nom transgression «act intransitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 6 | transgress | our | nom transgression «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
כִּֽי־רַבּ֤וּ פְשָׁעֵ֙ינוּ֙ נֶגְדֶּ֔ךָ וְחַטֹּאותֵ֖ינוּ עָ֣נְתָה בָּ֑נוּ כִּֽי־פְשָׁעֵ֣ינוּ אִתָּ֔נוּ וַעֲוֺנֹתֵ֖ינוּ יְדַֽעֲנֽוּם׃
Isaiah 59:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:1285 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1285/