Isaiah 21:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2
As whirlwinds in the South sweeping on, it cometh from the wilderness, from a dreadful land.
Who acts: whirlwinds, South · What happens: sweep on, come · To what, where: wilderness
This is Isaiah 21:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (whirlwinds, South), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | ADP | _ | 2 whirlwinds | case |
| 2 | whirlwinds | whirlwind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 cometh | obl |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 South | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 South | det |
| 5 | South | South | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 whirlwinds | nmod |
| 6 | sweeping | sweep | VERB | VerbForm=Part | 2 whirlwinds | acl |
| 7 | on | on | ADV | _ | 6 sweeping | compound:prt |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 whirlwinds | punct |
| 9 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 cometh | nsubj |
| 10 | cometh | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | from | from | ADP | _ | 13 wilderness | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 wilderness | det |
| 13 | wilderness | wilderness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 cometh | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 land | punct |
| 15 | from | from | ADP | _ | 18 land | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 land | det |
| 17 | dreadful | dreadful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 land | amod |
| 18 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 cometh | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 cometh | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sweep on | gerund | whirlwinds in the South not said here | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | come | present | South | the wilderness | as whirlwinds in the South; from a dreadful land | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from wilderness=Initial_Location from land=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
מַשָּׂ֖א מִדְבַּר־יָ֑ם כְּסוּפ֤וֹת בַּנֶּ֙גֶב֙ לַֽחֲלֹ֔ף מִמִּדְבָּ֣ר בָּ֔א מֵאֶ֖רֶץ נוֹרָאָֽה׃
Isaiah 21:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- The burden of the wilderness of the sea.
- As whirlwinds in the South sweeping on, it cometh from the wilderness, from a dreadful land.
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:417 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.417/